Planting technology of open-air tomatoes in spring

The cultivation technology of open-air tomatoes in spring should be very familiar to some farmers. Let’s learn it together.

tomato

Tomato production mainly involves spring-summer cultivation (planting after the late frost ends and marketing in summer) and summer-autumn cultivation (seedling raising and planting in summer and marketing in autumn).

Tomato planting technology

For land tomatoes, it is advisable to select varieties that are disease-resistant, high-quality, high-yield, durable in storage and transportation, good in commerciality, and adaptable to the market. For summer and autumn cultivation, early and mid-maturing varieties that are resistant to low temperatures and weak light and have fast fruit development should be selected. According to different seasons and climatic conditions, greenhouses, sunbeds and other seedling facilities should be selected. In summer, seedlings should also be equipped with insect prevention and sunshade facilities. If conditions permit, tray seedlings and factory seedlings can be used, and the seedling facilities should be disinfected to create environmental conditions suitable for the growth and development of seedlings.

The preparation of seedling nutrient soil should be adapted to local conditions. Field soil without pests and diseases, decomposed farmyard manure, peat, rice husk ash, etc. should be mixed in a certain proportion, requiring a porosity of about 60%, pH 6~7, more than 100 mg/kg of available phosphorus, more than 100 mg/kg of available potassium, about 150 mg/kg of available nitrogen, loose, fertilizer-retaining, water-retaining, and complete nutrition. Spread the prepared nutrient soil evenly on the sowing bed with a thickness of 1 cm.

Before sowing, put the seeds in 55-degree hot water, maintain the water temperature and soak for 15 minutes, then soak the seeds in 25-30-degree warm water for 5-8 hours, then wash the seeds by hand for many times, wash the mucus on the surface of the seeds, take them out, wrap them with a clean wet cloth, and germinate them at 25-30 degrees. During the germination period, the seeds are not washed with 20-degree hydrophilic water. After 3 to 4 days, more than 70% of the seeds are white and can be sown. In summer, corn can be sown directly with sterilized seeds without soaking and germination.

After sowing, choose a clear and windless day, water the bottom of the soil before sowing, and moisten it to a depth of about 10 li. After the water seeps down, sprinkle a thin layer of nutrient soil, mix the seeds and sow evenly. Generally, 20 to 30 grams of seeds are used for each acre of vegetable field. In order to sow evenly, the seeds to be sown in one ridge can be divided into 2 to 3 parts and sown 2 to 3 times. After sowing, cover with 0.8~1.0 li of nutrient soil. Cover the bed with mulch during winter and spring seedling raising, and cover the bed with shade nets or straw in summer and autumn. Remove when 70% of the seedlings are above the soil.

Seedling transplanting is an important measure to cultivate strong tomato seedlings. For spring and summer crops, more than one month after sowing, when the seedlings have 2 leaves and 1 heart, it is the appropriate time to transplant seedlings. Seedling transplanting can be done in the sunny bed or in the greenhouse, and cold protection and warmth must be kept at night.

The standard for tomato seedlings of suitable age is to plant them in spring and summer, with a plant height of 25 cm, a stem root of more than 6 mm, and large buds. Seedlings for spring and autumn cultivation have 4 leaves and 1 heart, a plant height of about 15 cm, a neck thickness of about 0.4 in, and can be cultivated within 25 days. The leaves are dark green and free of diseases and insect pests.