History and characteristics of Wenzhou mandarin oranges

Everyone knows that Wenzhou mandarin oranges are delicious fruits, but do you know the functions and effects of Wenzhou mandarin oranges ? Let me introduce them to you.

Wenzhou Mandarin Orange

Satsuma orange (scientific name: Citrus unshiu) was brought back to Japan from Wenzhou, China by a Japanese monk named Zhizhi. It was then introduced to the United States from Satsuma Province in Kyushu, Japan during the Meiji Restoration in 1876. The names of the towns of Satsuma Alabama and Satsuma Louisiana in the United States are the names of this variety. Satsuma orange is a broad-skinned citrus fruit native to Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, and is also known as seedless orange. According to historical records, Wenzhou has a history of more than 2,400 years of cultivating citrus.

history

In the Tang Dynasty, Wenzhou oranges were listed as tribute. In the fifth year of Chunxi reign of Emperor Xiaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty (1178 AD), Han Yanzhi, governor of Jijia, wrote Jijia Orange Records, which systematically recorded the varieties, cultivation techniques, pest and disease control, storage and processing of oranges in Wenzhou.

In the Ming Dynasty, the Japanese monk Zhihui returned to Japan from Tiantai Guoqing Temple to learn Buddhist scriptures. He passed through Wenzhou Jiangxin Temple and introduced Wenzhou citrus to Japan. Later, it was improved to become the Wenzhou mandarin orange with thin skin, no seeds, and sweet as honey. After 1916, the new varieties of Wenzhou mandarin oranges improved by Japan, such as Miyagawa, Xingjin, Yamada, and Ishikawa, were introduced back to Wenzhou for breeding and cultivation. After the founding of New China, scientific researchers and citrus farmers made many improvements and selected the more high-yield and better-quality Yuanhong Wenzhou, Wushan Wenzhou, and Chashan Wenzhou. Yuanhong Wenzhou has a clear red color,

Wenzhou mandarin oranges (5 photos) have thin skin, contain 13% to 14% soluble solids, 0.9% organic acid, have a strong flavor and no residue, and have excellent quality. These varieties have become excellent varieties of Wenzhou mandarin oranges with Wenzhou characteristics.

Characteristics of Wenzhou Mandarin

Wenzhou mandarin oranges have strong resistance to adversity, wide adaptability, early production, high yield, stable production, good quality, and are easy to cultivate. The early-maturing varieties of Wenzhou mandarin oranges mature in late August, and the early-maturing varieties mature in mid-to-late September, both of which are good varieties for fresh consumption. The medium-late maturing varieties mature in early to mid-November, are more resistant to storage, suitable for processing, and can be eaten fresh. The production area is located in the subtropics, with mountains behind and the sea in front, with a warm climate, sufficient rainfall, a network of rivers and canals, and fertile land, which provides excellent conditions for the growth of mandarin oranges. In particular, Wuzhen Town, Ouhai District, is a traditional citrus production area, where mandarin orange planting is the most concentrated, and is known as the "hometown of citrus oranges." In recent years, the mandarin orange peel has a bright orange-yellow color, rich juicy and sweet taste. The pulp and juice have the effects of relieving heat, promoting body fluid, appetizing, diuresis, and removing phlegm and relieving cough. The orange peel and veins can be used as Chinese medicine.

Hashimoto Satsuma

Introduction

The Hashimoto Satsuma mandarin was selected from the Satsuma mandarin orchard of Hashimoto Masao in Ai Prefecture, Japan. It is a bud mutation of the Matsuyama Satsuma mandarin. It was introduced to my country in 1985 and has been widely promoted. It was registered in 1978 and introduced to my country in the early 1980s. Currently, it is cultivated in small quantities in Sichuan, Zhejiang and Hunan. Its main characteristics: weak tree vigor, short and compact plants, short branches, dense internodes; oblate fruit, single fruit weight 90 to 110 grams, slightly rough skin; early coloring, seedless, rapid acidity decline, medium sugar content; fruit matures in mid-to-late September.

Features

The Hashimoto mandarin orange is early maturing, high-yielding, and of good quality, and can be appropriately developed.

Hashimoto Sasaki has an oblate fruit with a strong flavor, high quality, and a slightly early acid loss. The tree is relatively weak, the fruit is medium-sized, and the single fruit weighs 90 to 100 grams. The peel is slightly thick, the sugar content is medium, the color changes early, and the acidity decreases quickly. It is harvested in early to mid-September, and the flavor becomes lighter at the end of September. In the mid-subtropical region, it can be harvested and put on the market in late August.

Adaptability In Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, it has the characteristics of extremely early maturity, high quality, and high yield in the first fruiting period. It is a suitable variety for the northern edge of citrus. The fruit reaches its best flavor from September 25 to October 1, and the skin will not float if harvested late. In the Shanghai area, it has weak growth potential and small shoot volume. After production, the tree vigor decreases and the growth is slow. The average yield of young trees in production is 2.98 kg in 3 years.

In Jiangxi, Shuangjin coloring occurs early, the flesh matures early, and the acidity decreases quickly. The yield is half that of Yamakawa, Oura, and Miyamoto. The average yield of 3-6-year-old trees is 5.8 kg, and the weight of a single fruit is 127 grams. In Ningbo, Zhejiang, the fruit coloring occurs early, the acidity decreases quickly, and the ripening period is from early to late September, with a floating skin phenomenon.

The high grafting was performed in Dazhu County, Sichuan Province. The grafting was done on a 7-year-old Owari tree. The tree was weak, short and compact, with short branches and dense nodes. The average yield per plant in the fourth year after grafting was 9.5 kg.

In Shanghai, the grafted trees can safely survive the winter at -3.9℃ with only straw for frost protection. The fruits grafted onto summer oranges were fully colored on September 26, with a soluble solid content of 9.2%, meeting the standard for mature harvest.

In Jiangxi Shuangjin, the fruit is grafted onto the 7-year-old Gongchuan, with strong growth potential. In the third year, the plant produces 20 kilograms. The fruit matures in late September and has an above-average quality.

In Quzhou, Zhejiang, high-grafting is performed on ordinary Wenzhou mandarin oranges, which have strong affinity, weak growth potential, and many flowers. The yield per plant is 8.7 to 13.9 kilograms in the second year of high-grafting, and 21 to 26 kilograms per plant in 5 to 7 years.

Main points of Wenzhou mandarin orange cultivation

① Hashimoto's growth potential is weak, so fertilizer and water management should be strengthened. Fertilization in early June will promote fruit expansion, and delayed fertilization will affect fruit coloring.

② It is advisable to plan dense planting.