How to avoid eggplant wilt

How to avoid eggplant wilt? Today I will explain the specific methods to you:

Introduction to Eggplant Verticillium Wilt:

The incidence rate is 40%-50% in normal years, and more than 70% in severe years, or even a total crop failure, which is more serious in small farm vegetable gardens. Eggplant wilt disease often occurs after the eggplants are set, and the number of diseased plants increases sharply during the peak fruiting period. In the early stage of the disease, the veins or leaf margins of the middle and lower leaves of the plant turn yellow and curl up, and gradually develop upward, causing half of the branches and leaves to turn yellow and die, and the fruits to become rigid and not grow. Therefore, it is also called half-side madness. Peeling off the cortex of the roots and stems, it can be seen that the vascular bundles have turned brown, so it is also called black heart disease. The severe incidence of eggplant wilt is closely related to pathogenic factors, climate factors, and cultivation factors.

Cultivation measures

Rotate crops. Rotate crops with Solanaceae crops for five years. It is best not to plant eggplants next to Solanaceae crops. Choose to plant eggplants after onion, garlic and field crops.

Apply fertilizer scientifically. Apply 3-4 cubic meters of decomposed farmyard manure, 15-20 kg of diammonium phosphate, about 10 kg of urea, and 10-15 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu. Avoid excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer and raw manure to avoid burning the roots.

Reasonable close planting. The characteristics of close planting are early ridge closure and reduced ground cracking and root damage. The planting density is preferably 60 cm × 30 cm.

Improve the quality of planting. When planting eggplant, we must adhere to the "four no's": when the ground temperature at 10 cm is stable above 15℃, choose sunny and warm weather for planting, and do not plant too early; use nutrient pots to protect the roots and raise seedlings, so that the roots are not damaged during planting; it is better to plant seedlings in the morning and evening. Do not plant seedlings under the scorching sun at noon; it is better to bury the seedlings in a flat soil clump, not too deep. When planting seedlings, cover them with ground film, and it is best to add a small arch shed to achieve double film coverage.

Manage water and fertilizer wisely. In the early stage of eggplant growth, the ground temperature is low, so water as little as possible, and do not water on cold days to avoid an outbreak of Verticillium wilt. In the hot season from mid-July to mid-September, water frequently with small amounts of water to keep the ground moist, reduce ground cracks and root damage, and control the disease. Spray the eggplant with Caiguo Zhuangdiling once during the budding stage, young fruit stage, and fruit expansion stage until the flower stops blooming. This can double the number of flowers and fruits and enhance disease resistance.

Chemical control

(1) Water the base of the stem before or at the early stage of the disease, with 150-200 grams of liquid per plant, once every 5-7 days, and irrigate twice in a row.

(2) 25g of copper sulfate, add 15kg of water and spray the whole plant. Use one of the above mixed solutions to irrigate the roots or spray at the early stage of the disease, spray once every 5-7 days, and spray 2-3 times in a row. Generally, the disease is controlled in 2-3 days, and the diseased plants recover quickly in 5-6 days. If new lipid film and insecticide are added to the above mixed solution, the prevention effect is better. At the same time, it can prevent and control diseases such as brown streak disease and cotton blight.