Fruit corn cultivation technology, how to plant fruit corn

Today I will introduce to you the cultivation techniques of fruit corn:

1. Fruit corn season and crop rotation

Fruit corn can be planted twice a year in Jingjiang. The first spring corn seedlings are raised in early March, about 20 days old, transplanted from late March to early April, and mature in early July. If greenhouses are used for heat preservation, the seedling raising period can be advanced to mid-to-late February, and the harvest period can be advanced to mid-to-late June, which will be more profitable. The sowing period of the second sweet corn is determined according to the harvest period of the previous crop, but it should not exceed the end of July at the latest, and the seedling age is 8-10 days. Farmers with large planting areas and mainly engaged in retail can sow in batches to achieve balanced sales, with an interval of 5-6 days between each batch. For those who mainly sell wholesale, there is no need to sow in batches. In order to prevent the high temperature during the flowering period, which causes flowers but no fruits, local areas should try to avoid sowing between May 10 and June 20.

2. Fruit corn seed soaking and germination

Fruit corn seeds are expensive. Soaking and germinating can increase the germination rate, save seeds, and reduce agricultural costs. The method of soaking and germinating: soak the seeds in warm water at 25-28℃ for 4-5 hours, pick up and drain, wrap them with a wet towel, place them in a warm box at 32-34℃, germinate for 30-36 hours, and sow them after the seeds turn white. When the outside temperature is high during the sowing of the second crop of corn, soak the seeds at room temperature for 4-5 hours, pick up and drain, spread them on a wet towel, and then cover them with a wet towel for natural germination. Generally, they can be sown after 30 hours. The soaking time of fruit corn must be strictly controlled. If the time is short, the germination will be uneven. If the time is too long, the seeds will rot and the germination rate will be low. Generally, 500-600 grams of seeds are used per acre of field.

3. Cultivating strong seedlings of fruit corn

Fruit corn seeds are shriveled, and the emergence rate of direct seeding is very low, which not only wastes seeds, but also is not conducive to uniform seedlings, full seedlings and uniform seedlings, which has an impact on future management, harvesting and yield. Therefore, fruit corn must be planted in nutrient pots. The seedbed should be fully fertilized. One week before sowing, one load of human and animal manure should be applied to each 3-meter-long seedbed, 500 grams of high-efficiency compound fertilizer and 500 grams of carbon ammonium each. After fertilization, it should be fully turned over and refined. Each acre of field requires a seedbed of 18-20 meters and 3,500-4,000 pots. There is one seed in each pot, and the soil is covered by one centimeter after sowing. Raise seedlings in early spring, cover with mulch after covering with soil, and then cover with two layers of film. Pull out the mulch after germination, and manage it according to the management method of general cotton seedbeds. When the temperature is high during the sowing of the second crop of sweet corn, it is strictly forbidden to cover the film after sowing. After covering the soil, you can cover it with straw or wheat straw to prevent moisture loss and heavy rain erosion. Remove the covering in time after germination, and water frequently during drought. Transplant the previous spring corn when it has 3 leaves, and transplant the next spring corn when it has 2.5 leaves.

4. Site selection and preparation for fruit corn fields

Fruit corn is a cross-pollination crop, and its flowering period cannot coincide with that of regular glutinous corn or feed corn, otherwise the quality will be affected by cross-pollination. Generally, the distance interval and growth period interval method are adopted. The distance interval means that the plot where fruit corn is planted is more than 200 meters away from other corns, and the growth period interval means that the flowering period of fruit corn and other corns is more than 20 days apart. Corn fields that are planted twice a year are mostly winter fallow fields or vegetable fields that can be left unplanted in early March. The fields should be laid out in 2.8-3 meter specifications, the water system should be dug, and the soil should be turned over and dried as soon as possible to mature. 7-10 days before transplanting, 30-50 kg of imported compound fertilizer, 25 kg of ammonium carbonate and 50-80 dan of organic fertilizer should be applied to the whole layer per mu, and they should be evenly turned and leveled.

5. Specifications and quality of fruit corn transplanting

Fruit corn fields are planted in wide and narrow rows, with a wide row of 1.2-1.4 meters and a narrow row of 0.5-0.6 meters. The plant spacing is 30-35 centimeters, and about 2,800 plants are planted per mu. Too dense planting will result in small sticks and bald grains. Too sparse planting will affect yield. When transplanting, pay attention to the direction of leaf extension being perpendicular to the row direction, which is conducive to ventilation and light transmission. In spring cultivation, covering the narrow row with mulch can advance the growth period by about 5 days. Covering the black mulch in summer can reduce the labor of weeding, improve the soil environment, and promote corn growth.

When transplanting, apply 3-4 kg of high-efficiency compound fertilizer per mu of hole. After planting, cover the pot with fine soil and water it sufficiently.

6. Scientific Management of Fruit Corn

After the plants are alive, 10 kg of ammonium carbonate plus 20 dan of human and animal manure are used as seedling fertilizer per mu. Before jointing, 10 kg of urea or 20 kg of ammonium carbonate are used as jointing fertilizer per mu. Before the male flowers emerge, 20 kg of high-efficiency compound fertilizer + 10 kg of urea are applied as ear and grain fertilizer. The water system is carefully cleaned, and the soil is loosened and weeded in time. The temperature is high in the early stage of the second crop of autumn corn, and the growth and development process of corn is fast. All management measures must be taken in advance accordingly, and the fertilization level should be slightly higher than that of the previous crop of corn, so as to achieve a higher yield.