Grafted bitter melon is cold-resistant and disease-resistant with good benefits

When winter comes, bitter melon generally likes mild temperatures. In such a cold season, bitter melon is not cold-resistant.

Bitter melon grafting technology

1. Seed treatment: Soak the seeds in 50℃~55℃ hot water before sowing, stir and add hot water continuously, keep the water temperature at this temperature for 15~20 minutes, stir to room temperature, and continue to soak bitter melon seeds for 12 hours, the germination temperature is 30℃~35℃. Soak pumpkin for 6~8 hours, the germination temperature is 25℃~30℃. Sow black seed pumpkin 1~2 days later, when most of the seeds are white. When the true leaves of pumpkin are exposed and bitter melon has one leaf and one heart, it is the right time for grafting.

2. Grafting should be done by the approaching method: shade should be provided as the grafting and planting progresses. Immediately after grafting, cover the small shed to increase the temperature. Before planting, the night temperature can be lowered to about 10°C for low-temperature hardening of the seedlings. 3. Planting: Generally, planting is done in early December. Combined with deep plowing and land preparation, 100-150 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer and 25 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu should be applied. Cover the ground with film after planting.

Management of bitter melon after planting

1. Temperature management: For bitter melons grown in winter and spring and overwintering, it is important to close the greenhouse after planting, raise the temperature, and promote seedling growth. Generally, the temperature during the day on a sunny day can reach 30℃~35℃, and should not be lower than 12℃~15℃ at night. After seedling growth, gradually lower the temperature to normal temperature, that is, 20℃~25℃ during the day on a sunny day and around 15℃ at night.

2. Fertilizer and water management: Water the seedlings well when planting. After the autumn and winter crops and the winter crops are planted in the whole room, water the planting water along the ditch. For the winter and spring crops, water the plants 1 to 2 times. Before the fruiting, control the fertilizer and water to promote the stable and fast growth of the seedlings. Generally, the first fertilizer is applied when the male flowers bloom, and the second fertilizer is applied after the fruiting. The amount of fertilizer and water should be gradually increased afterwards.

3. Insert the rack to guide the vine: When the vine grows to about 30 cm, you need to insert the rack to guide the vine to the rack. You can start to guide the vine in an S-shaped manner.

4. Plant adjustment: Bitter melons mainly produce fruits on the main vine. The side vines below 50 cm from the ground rarely produce fruits, so they should be removed in time when the vines are guided. If the side branches above the ground grow too vigorously and too densely, they should also be removed appropriately.

5. Preserve flowers and fruits: Pick the male flowers that can bloom the next day in the afternoon of the previous day, place them in an environment of about 25℃, and at 8-9 am the next morning, take the male flowers, tear off the corolla, and gently pollinate the stigma of the female flowers. Generally, one male flower is used to pollinate three female flowers, and do not damage the stigma of the female flowers during pollination.