Cowpea disease characteristics and control methods

When we grow cowpeas, various diseases often occur. Today, I will tell you how to better prevent and control them:

Cowpea mosaic disease

Cause of disease The virus overwinters on perennial root host weeds in the field. Seeds can also be infected, and sometimes the infection rate is very high. It is mainly spread in the field by aphids. High temperature and drought are suitable for disease. When the number of aphids is large and the activity is rampant, the disease is serious, and the disease is also aggravated by extensive management.

Key points for prevention and control: (1) Select relatively disease-resistant varieties such as Zhijian 28-2 and Xinjiang No. 8; (2) Use disease-free seeds; (3) Strengthen fertilizer and water management to prevent the soil from becoming dry; (4) Prevent and control aphids in a timely manner at an early stage; (5) Spray 1000 times diluted 1.5% plant disease killer, 200-300 times diluted anti-toxic agent No. 1, or 400 times diluted 5% fungus and virus cleaner at the early stage of the disease.

Cowpea leaf spot

1. Pathogen: This disease is caused by infection by fungi of the genus Cercospora of the subphylum Ascomycetes.

2. Symptom identification: The leaf spots are circular or polygonal. In severe cases, the spots are connected to each other, causing the plant to drop leaves early, leaving only a few leaves at the top, seriously affecting the yield.

3. Disease conditions: High temperature and heavy rainfall, poor soil, and weak plant growth are conducive to the occurrence of the disease; continuous cropping in the diseased field is more serious.

4. Prevention and control techniques:

⑴. Clear away the diseased leaves and residues in the field and burn them in a concentrated area.

⑵. Implement crop rotation or deep tillage.

⑶. Do not sow too densely, apply fertilizer appropriately, and avoid excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer.

⑷. At the early stage of the disease, spray 600 times diluted 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder; or 1000 times diluted 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder; or 1500-2000 times diluted 25% Shibaogong powder for spray control.