Summer tomato planting methods and techniques

How to grow tomatoes better in summer and how to get higher yields of tomatoes? Let's talk about it in detail:

1. Variety selection

In summer, when the weather is hot and rainy, you should choose heat-resistant, moisture-resistant and virus-resistant varieties, such as Lufen No. 2, Sufen No. 1, Xifen No. 3, Zhongza No. 9, L-412, etc.

2. Seedling cultivation

1. Seedbed preparation: Planting 667 m2 of tomatoes requires a seedbed area of ​​40 m2. The fertilizer-soil ratio of the seedbed is 3:7 or 4:6. To prevent pests and diseases, 50% carbendazim, 70% thiophanate-methyl or dichlorvos, etc., 28 grams per meter, can be used for soil disinfection; 50% phoxim or 20% methyl isothioate, etc. can be mixed with bean cake and spread into the seedbed to prevent underground pests.

2. Seed treatment: Soak the seeds in 55℃ warm water for 20 minutes, stirring constantly. When the water temperature drops to 30℃, soak the seeds for another 6-8 hours. To prevent and treat tomato damping-off and early blight, soak the seeds in 40% formaldehyde 100 times solution or 1% potassium permanganate for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with clean water, place them at 30℃ for germination, and sow when the seeds are white.

3. For planting 667m2 of tomatoes, 50g of seeds are generally used. The best sowing period is mid-to-late May. Water the seedbed thoroughly before sowing, and sow the seeds after the seedbed is loose. Cover the soil with 1-1.5cm after sowing, rake it flat, and set up a sunshade net or cover the weeds on the seedbed. Weed and thin the seedlings in time after germination, with a row spacing of 10cm×10cm, and control aphids in time to prevent the occurrence of viral diseases.

The standards for strong seedlings are: thick stems, short internodes, 6 to 8 true leaves, seedling height of about 15 cm, large leaves, dark green leaf color, beginning to bud, many fibrous roots, and seedling age of 35 to 40 days.

3. Planting

Before planting, fertilize and prepare the land. Generally, 5,000 kg of high-quality fertilizer, 50 kg of superphosphate, 15 kg of urea, 20 kg of zinc sulfate, and 2 kg of zinc fertilizer, boron fertilizer, and iron fertilizer are applied per 667 m2. Deep plowing, fine-tuning and harrowing are carried out. Single ridge and single row or single ridge and double row planting can be adopted. The row spacing of single row planting is 60 cm × 35 cm; the large row spacing of double row planting is 70 cm, the small row spacing is 45 cm, and the plant spacing is 35 cm. Generally, 3,000 to 3,500 plants are planted per 667 m2.

4. Management after planting

1. Cultivate, fertilize and water. Cultivate 2 to 3 times after planting. Water when the young fruit is expanding, and apply 15 kg of urea per 667 m2. In late July, during the expansion period of the middle ear fruit, in order to prevent premature aging, you can combine watering and apply 25 kg of diammonium phosphate and 15 kg of potassium sulfate per 667 m2. After the "beginning of autumn", tomatoes enter the second stage of growth peak. In order to ensure the later yield, generally apply 10 kg of urea, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 15 kg of potassium sulfate per 667 m2.

2. Pruning: Single-stem pruning is adopted, and about 7 bunches of fruit are left on each plant. From the first to the fourth bunch of fruit, 2 to 3 fruits are left per bunch; after the fifth bunch of fruit, 3 to 4 fruits are left per bunch. Remove the side buds and thin out the flowers and fruits in time. Use high-yield agent No. 2 to plant flowers, and use bamboo poles more than 1.5 meters long to fix the frame.

3. Disease and Pest Control Diseases mainly include early blight, leaf mold, gray mold, and canker. In the early stage of the disease, Bordeaux mixture of 1:2:200 can be used for control; in the later stage, 64% thiophanate-methyl 500 times solution, 70% thiophanate-methyl 800-1000 times solution, 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution or 50% prochloraz 1000-1500 times solution can be sprayed for control. The main pests are cotton bollworm, cabbage worm, aphid, American leafminer, etc., which harm leaves and fruits. They can be controlled with 5% levofloxacin EC or 2000 times solution of 20% cypermethrin. American leafminer can be controlled with 40% green vegetable treasure EC 1000-1500 times solution or 1.5% hypertonic imidacloprid EC 2000 times solution.

5. Harvest at the right time

In the early stage, the fruits are harvested when they turn red and placed in a cool place for sale; in the later stage, when the vines are pulled, the green and white fruits are placed in a place with a temperature of 10-15°C for ripening. Summer tomatoes generally produce about 7,500 kilograms per 667 m2, with an income of 3,000-5,000 yuan.