Agrocybe aegerita management technology

Today I would like to share with you some things you need to pay attention to in the management of Agrocybe edulis. I hope you will take a good look at them:

1. What are the nutritional conditions for the growth of Agrocybe agrocybe?

Agrocybe aegerita is a wood-rotting fungus with weak ability to decompose lignin and cellulose. Wild Agrocybe aegerita grows only on oil tea trees. After artificial domestication, it can be cultivated using broad-leaved trees such as tung trees, maple trees, willow trees, oak trees, and poplar trees. However, loose wood chips with less tannin content are more suitable for the growth of Agrocybe aegerita. Bran, rice bran, cake fertilizer, etc. can be fully utilized as nitrogen sources.

In addition to wood chips, tea tree mushrooms can also use bagasse, rice straw, cottonseed hulls, and mushroom grass as carbon sources. Monosaccharides and disaccharides are the best carbon sources, while starch and cellulose are less utilized. If the culture medium contains only glucose, the mycelium grows loosely, and a small amount of sucrose is used, the mycelium grows densely and vigorously. This shows that mineral elements are needed during the growth of mycelium.

2. What are the temperature conditions for the growth of Agrocybe agrocybe?

Agrocybe aegerita is a mesophilic edible fungus. On PDA medium, spores can germinate in 24 hours at 26°C, and after 48 hours, fine hyphae can be seen with the naked eye. The optimum temperature for hyphae growth is 23-28°C, and growth stops when it exceeds 34°C. It can be stored for 3 months at -4°C. The temperature range for differentiation of fruiting body primordium is 12-26°C, and the optimum temperature is 18-24°C. Lower or higher temperatures will delay primordium differentiation. At lower temperatures, fruiting bodies grow slowly, but the tissue is firm, the mushroom shape is larger, and the quality is good; at higher temperatures, it is easy to open the umbrella and form a long-handled thin-capped mushroom.

3. What kind of water does Agrocybe agrocybe need to grow?

The water content of the culture medium for tea tree mushroom cultivation should be controlled at 60%-65%, that is, grab a handful of culture medium with your hand, squeeze it hard, moisten the gaps between your fingers, with a little water dripping but not flowing down, loosen your fingers to form a block, and scatter after falling to the ground. However, different types of sawdust and different thicknesses have slight differences, so you should control it flexibly. When mycelium grows, the relative humidity of the air is required to be below 70%; the fruiting body formation and development period is 85%-95%, and it should be appropriately reduced during the growth period to extend the shelf life of the product.

4. What are the air, light and pH conditions for the growth of Agrocybe agrocybe?

Agrocybe aegerita is an aerobic large fungus and is very sensitive to carbon dioxide. Poor ventilation and excessive carbon dioxide concentration can easily cause slow mycelium growth, thick and long fruiting body stipes, small caps, early opening, and deformed mushrooms.

Agrocybe aegerita is a light-requiring fungus. Its fruiting bodies have the characteristic of phototropism. Suitable diffuse light is a necessary condition for completing its normal life cycle. During the mycelium culture period, it still grows in the absence of light, but does not form fruiting bodies. Fruiting bodies are not easy to differentiate without light. The suitable light intensity is 50-300 lux.

The mycelium of Agrocybe agrocybe prefers a weakly acidic environment, with the most suitable pH being 5.5-6.5. When the pH value is below 4 or above 6.5, the mycelium grows sparsely and slowly.

5. What are the cultivation methods of Agrocybe agrocybe?

Tea tree mushroom cultivation is divided into spring and autumn planting according to the season. In spring cultivation, the mycelium cultivation stage needs to be properly kept warm. The temperature rises in the later stage of fruiting body growth, the growth is fast, the fruiting body is small in shape, the quality is relatively poor, and it is easily damaged by pests and diseases; in autumn cultivation, after inoculation, the mycelium cultivation temperature is more suitable. The fruiting bodies formed at a lower temperature are larger in shape, better in quality, less polluted by pests and diseases, higher in bioconversion rate, and better in economic benefits. The cultivation site can be cultivated indoors or outdoors, and the cultivation forms are divided into shelf bag cultivation, wall bag cultivation, and bed-type soil covering cultivation. Local areas can choose according to local conditions.

6. What is the formula of Agrocybe aegerita culture medium?

Formula 1: 76% sawdust, 20% bran, 1% sugar, 1% superphosphate, 1% calcium carbonate, 1% gypsum;

Formula 2: 68% sawdust, 15% bran, 15% tea seed cake powder, 1% sugar, 1% gypsum powder;

Formula 3: 58% sawdust, 20% cottonseed hulls, 20% bran, 1% sugar, 1% gypsum powder;

Formula 4: 60% sawdust, 18% bagasse, 20% bran or rice bran, 1% superphosphate, 1% gypsum powder;

Formula 5: 60% sawdust, 20% corn cobs, 19% bran or rice bran, 1% gypsum powder;

The above formula has a water content of 60% and a natural pH. 0.1%-0.2% of carbendazim should be added in autumn cultivation. In oil tea cultivation areas, 10% of tea seed shell powder can be added to effectively increase the yield.

7. How to select and disinfect the site for indoor bag cultivation?

Indoor bag cultivation can utilize greenhouses, mushroom houses and unused houses, and the cultivation from spawning to fruiting can be completed in the same place. The microclimate of indoor bag cultivation is easy to control and manage, and it is easy to obtain high quality and high yield, which is also suitable for factory cultivation.

The place used for indoor bag planting should be clean and sanitary, away from workshops, warehouses and poultry and livestock pens, with good temperature control and light transmission performance. Before cultivation, comprehensive insecticide and disinfection must be carried out. First, clean and spray with 500-800 times dichlorvos solution to kill insects. After 3-5 days, use sulfur or formaldehyde solution for fumigation and disinfection to prevent the growth of miscellaneous bacteria.

8. How to mix and package the materials for indoor bag planting and sterilize them?

According to the selected cultivation material formula, weigh various raw materials, add water and mix well to make the water content reach 60%-65% e, and pack them into 17×33×0.005 cm polypropylene corner bags by hand or bagging machine, with uniform tightness, flat surface, and filling height of 13-15 cm, and seal with cotton-free cover or ring cotton plug. Keep it at 100℃ for 10 hours, keep it overnight or keep it at 0.138 MPa for 1.5 hours for sterilization.

9. How to inoculate and cultivate indoor bag plants?

After sterilization and cooling, fill the bag with 1 inoculation shovel of cultivation seeds under aseptic conditions, and cover it with a cotton-free cover or a ring cotton plug. Try to make the fungus into blocks, avoid being too broken to prevent the seeds from dying. Place the inoculated fungus bags upright on the shelves indoors, and cultivate them at 25i 2℃ for 45-55 days, and the mycelium will fill the whole bag. During the fungus development period, keep the room dark as much as possible.

10. How to harvest Agrocybe agrocybe?

Tea tree mushrooms not only have edible caps, but also very tender stems, so they should be harvested together with the caps and stems. Harvest when the fruiting bodies grow out, the caps are still rolled inward, and the spores have not yet been produced in large quantities. Harvest at one time, or harvest in batches by picking the big ones and leaving the small ones, or picking the old ones and leaving the young ones. When harvesting in batches, pay attention to protecting the young mushrooms. Generally, 3-4 batches can be harvested, and 60-70 kg of fresh mushrooms can be produced for every 100 kg of dry materials.

After harvesting, the fruiting bodies can be sold fresh after the roots and attached impurities are cut off, or they can be dried, graded, packaged, and sold far away. They can also be graded and then quick-frozen for preservation or processed into clear water cans.

11. What are the technical indicators of Agrocybe agrocybe?

(1) Sensory indicators

Color: Light yellow to yellowish brown, with a darker center in the cap and clear juice;

Taste and smell: Agrocybe canned should have a good taste and smell, with a fresh and fragrant taste and no peculiar smell;

Tissue morphology: The mushroom shape is basically complete, the cap is elastic, a small amount of cracks are allowed, there is no serious deformity, the stipe is crisp and tender, and the stipes in the same jar are of the same length.

(2) Physical and chemical indicators

Solids: not less than 5% of net weight;

Salt water concentration: 0.8% - 1.5%;

Microbiological indicators: No pathogenic bacteria and no corruption caused by microbial action.