Key points of tea tree mushroom cultivation technology How to grow tea tree mushroom

In order to get a high yield of tea tree mushrooms, cultivation technology is still very important, so how can we master its key points? Today I will share with you:

(I) Cultivation season

According to the climate conditions in North China, cultivation can generally be carried out in spring and autumn. In production, it is generally arranged that the temperature in spring rises to above 15℃ and the temperature in autumn drops to below 25℃ for mushroom production.

Two aspects should be considered: the optimum temperature during mycelium culture and the range that is not allowed to be exceeded, and the optimum temperature during fruiting and the range that is not allowed to be exceeded. In North China, taking the temperature in central Hebei Province as an example, it is advisable to start producing mushroom bags in spring from mid-March to the end of March, and heating is required in the early stage of mycelium culture, and mushrooms will be produced from mid-May to June. The temperature will rise in the later stage of fruiting, and the fruiting bodies will be susceptible to diseases and insect pests, so you should pay attention to prevent them in advance. In autumn, mushroom bags are produced from late August to mid-September, and mushrooms will start to fruit after late October. Heating is required in cold seasons to extend the fruiting period in order to obtain higher economic benefits.

(II) Cultivation methods

The cultivation of Agrocybe aegerita is carried out in the form of cooked bag cultivation, plastic greenhouses, semi-underground mushroom houses, woodlands or indoor cultivation. Regardless of the method, the site must be sanitary and free of pollution sources. The water supply and drainage should be convenient and the ventilation should be good. There are vertical mushroom production, horizontal wall mushroom production, and soil-covered mushroom production. It should be pointed out that in the autumn cultivation in the northern region, the temperature naturally drops after the mushroom bags are full. It is best to use winter-warm plastic greenhouses to cultivate mushrooms. Artificial heating can also be used to ensure the mushroom production temperature. In order to prevent excessive light, a sunshade net can be added to the greenhouse to ensure high yield and high quality of Agrocybe aegerita.

(III) Cultivation material formula

According to the resource conditions in North China, there are many recipes suitable for the growth of Agrocybe edulis. Here are several commonly used recipes for your reference.

1. Cottonseed hull 85%, wheat bran 10%, corn flour 3%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%, and lime as appropriate.

2. Cottonseed hull 50%, cotton straw 30%, wheat bran 13%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%, and lime as appropriate.

3. Cottonseed hull 78%, wheat bran 10%, corn flour 5%, cake fertilizer 4%, gypsum 2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, sugar 0.5%, and lime as appropriate.

4. 60% cottonseed hulls, 20% sawdust, 13% wheat bran, 5% cake fertilizer, 1% gypsum, 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6% sugar, a little VB1. An appropriate amount of lime.

5. Cottonseed hull 55%, waste cotton 30%, wheat bran 10%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%, and lime as appropriate.

6. Miscellaneous wood chips 78%, wheat bran 15%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%, and lime as appropriate.

(IV) Production of mushroom bags

1. Mix the ingredients. You can choose any one of the above formulas. The raw materials are required to be fresh, dry, free of mildew, odor, and insects. The wood chips should be loose wood chips such as poplar, willow, and tung.

When mixing the materials, weigh all kinds of main and auxiliary materials according to the selected formula, mix them together, and stir them evenly. Then dissolve sugar and lime in water and add them to the materials. Use lime water to adjust the pH value to about 7.5. The material-water ratio is generally 1:1.2-1.3. Then stir the raw materials manually or mechanically to make them evenly mixed. There should not be uneven dry and wet materials. Otherwise, the sterilization will not be thorough. After the materials are mixed and piled for half an hour, grab a handful of materials and hold them tightly. It is better to have water between the fingers but not dripping, so that the water content of the materials reaches about 60%. The water content of the culture medium is too high. It affects the growth of mycelium and is easily infected by bacteria and pests. It should be given full attention.

2. Fermentation. There are two ways to produce tea tree mushrooms. (1) One is to mix the materials and put them in bags after half an hour of stacking, and then sterilize them under normal pressure. (2) The other way is to ferment the culture medium in advance. Then pack them in bags and sterilize them. Now let's introduce the fermentation method. The moisture content of the fermented culture medium should be higher than that of the first method, preferably about 65%. After the materials are mixed, they are piled into a fermentation pile with a height of 1-1.2 meters, a width of 1.5-1.8 meters, and an unlimited length. Then use a shovel to make a ventilation hole every one meter from top to bottom. This is to increase oxygen and speed up the fermentation speed. When the material temperature reaches above 60℃, maintain it for more than 12 hours, and then turn the pile. When turning the pile, turn it upside down and turn it thoroughly. After turning the pile, wait for the material temperature to rise to 60℃ and maintain it for 12 hours before unpacking it and adjusting the moisture content and pH value. After the material is adjusted, it can be bagged and sterilized. This process generally takes about 5-7 days.

The use of fermented materials for cultivation has the following advantages: (1) After 5-7 days of fermentation, the lignin and cellulose in the culture medium are degraded by beneficial microorganisms to facilitate the use of Agrocybe aegerita mycelium. Therefore, the spawning speed is shortened by more than 10 days compared with conventional cultivation methods. (2) The dormant bodies of miscellaneous bacteria and insect eggs in the culture medium have been revived, which is conducive to thorough sterilization. In addition, the wood chips used for cultivation have been fermented, and the wood is softened and not easy to puncture the fungus bags, which improves the yield. (3) The organic acids in the culture medium after stacking and fermentation can be fully volatilized, which is conducive to the growth of Agrocybe aegerita mycelium and can effectively increase the yield.