Prevention and control of common diseases and pests of Flammulina velutipes

In fact, as long as we have grown Flammulina velutipes, we know that we often encounter various diseases in the process. So how should we prevent and control them? Today I will tell you the method:

1. Miscellaneous bacteria that are prone to occur during the mycelial growth stage

① Penicillium: Penicillium is the most common filamentous fungus. The optimum temperature for its development is 30℃-35℃, but it also grows well at around 20℃. When Penicillium begins to spread, it is similar to the hyphae of golden needle fungi, and as it gradually matures, it grows cyan spores.

② Aspergillus: Aspergillus begins to reproduce as white hyphae, and produces yellow-green spores after maturity. The optimal temperature for its development is about 30℃. If the cultivation room is near compost, or if there have been fungi, or if there is a koji-making factory nearby, Aspergillus is prone to growth. Once Aspergillus occurs, the fungi will be contaminated and all will be destroyed.

③ Mucor: Similar to Aspergillus, it has strong reproductive capacity. It spreads inside the culture medium, produces white or gray-black spider silk-like hyphae, produces black spores, and the optimal temperature for development is about 35℃.

④ Mucor: Like Mucor macrocor, it has strong reproductive capacity and grows under high temperature.

2. Miscellaneous bacteria growing on mushroom bodies

① Penicillium: Penicillium that invades Flammulina velutipes invades after scratching. If Penicillium occurs, it should be dug out and burned immediately. Disinfect the room. The disinfectant is 2% copper sulfate solution, or 500 times diluted mercuric chloride solution.

② Root rot: It is easy to occur when the temperature is high. At the beginning of propagation, white turbid water drops will seep out from the surface of the culture medium, and sometimes they will fill up the bottle mouth. The main reason is that the culture medium has too much water. When root rot occurs, it should be dug out and burned immediately. Hands must be disinfected when they come into contact with root rot bacteria.

③Black spot disease: Dark brown spots appear on the mushroom cap. Most of the time, it does not affect the yield, but the price drops due to the blackening of the mushroom cap. This disease is more likely to occur when cold water is sprayed directly on the mushroom cap.

3. Measures to prevent the occurrence of bacteria

Adding lime to the culture medium can not only prevent the occurrence of bacteria, but also promote the growth of mushrooms. The lime is preferably slaked lime, and the amount added is 2% of the culture medium. It can be mixed with rice bran first, or added to water and then mixed.

Prevention and Control of Bacterial Brown Spot Disease of Flammulina velutipes

Bacterial spot disease is one of the main diseases of Flammulina velutipes, which has a great impact on production. When the fruiting body is infected, spots will appear in mild cases, making it unsuitable for canning. In severe cases, the whole cluster will turn black and rot, losing its edible value.

Prevention and control measures: Choose disease-resistant Flammulina velutipes varieties; reasonably regulate the temperature and humidity in the mushroom room. The temperature in the mushroom room should be controlled below 15°C during the fruiting period. Reasonably arrange the cultivation season. In the south, the fruiting period should be ended before the end of March to avoid the influence of high temperature and high humidity in spring. Prevent and control pests in time, especially insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts; in the early stage of the disease, you can spray Flammulina velutipes with bleaching powder or bleaching powder essence diluted with water (the solution contains 1%-1.5% available chlorine).