Open-air planting technology for tomatoes

How much do you know about the open-air tomato planting technology? Let me introduce it to you below.

tomato

Tomato outdoor planting technology

1. Variety selection: According to the climatic characteristics of autumn cucumbers, high-quality, high-yield varieties that are heat-resistant, waterlogged, disease-resistant, and insect-resistant, with straight cucumbers, should be selected.

2. Land preparation, fertilization, and ridge making After the previous crop is harvested, the land should be cleared in time. 3,000 to 4,000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 25 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 15 kg of potassium sulfate should be applied per mu. Then the stubble should be removed and the soil should be turned 20 to 40 cm deep, raked and leveled. The ridge should be 1.4 to 1.5 meters wide, and two rows should be planted in each ridge.

3. Sowing From late June to early July, use a small pickaxe to dig double furrows on the small raised ridges, with a furrow distance of 40 cm and a furrow depth of 3 to 4 cm. When the soil moisture is poor, water the furrows to ensure sufficient moisture for planting. Sow dry seeds at a distance of 20 to 25 cm, with 2 to 3 seeds per mound. Cover the soil with 1.5 to 2 cm after sowing, and do not seal the furrows at this time.

4. Post-sowing management: According to the characteristics of different growth stages of cucumbers, different measures such as fertilization, irrigation and tillage should be taken in time to mediate promotion and control so that the vegetative growth and reproductive growth develop in a balanced manner.

Tomato outdoor planting technology 2

(I) Thinning and transplanting Generally, seedlings should emerge 4-5 days after sowing. Thin out weak seedlings, diseased and insect-infested seedlings and deformed seedlings when they have 1-2 true leaves. When they have 4-5 true leaves, select a strong seedling and transplant it at a spacing of 20-25 cm. Leave about 3,500 seedlings per mu. If missing seedlings are found, replace them in time. Fill the ditch after transplanting.

(II) Frame insertion, pruning, and tying vines When cucumbers begin to grow vines, frame insertion is done. Use bamboo poles or branches over 2 meters long to build a "human" shaped frame. When pruning, keep the main vine and pinch the top when it reaches the top of the frame. Remove all side branches, old leaves, diseased leaves, and tendrils below 50 cm from the base of the main vine to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and enhance nutrition. Other side branches can be topped with 1 to 2 leaves left after the female flowers. At the same time, the vines must be tied in time, about 50 cm at a time.

(III) Intertillage, weeding, drainage and waterlogging prevention Before the autumn cucumbers are ripe, the soil is prone to waterlogging and hardening due to heavy rain, which affects the development of the root system. Attention should be paid to intertillage and weeding. The intertillage depth should not be too deep. Generally, the first intertillage is 3 to 5 cm, and the second intertillage is 5 to 10 cm. Intertillage should be stopped during the fruiting period. Pay attention to draining the water in the field immediately after rain.

(IV) Fertilizer and water management Cucumber is a shallow-rooted vegetable that requires a lot of water. Therefore, water and fertilizer management should follow the principle of "watering - frequent watering with small amounts of water, and topdressing - frequent topdressing and less topdressing". After thinning, apply fertilizer for seedling growth with watering, and generally topdress 4 to 5 kg of urea per mu. Apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers heavily during the vine-pulling period and the flowering and fruiting period, and apply 20 to 25 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers per mu with watering. During the peak fruiting period, apply 8 to 10 kg of Wang liquid fertilizer per mu to cucumbers, and topdress once after harvesting. At the same time, spray a mixture of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% zinc sulfate on the leaves every 7 to 8 days to improve the disease resistance of the plants. Control watering before harvesting root melons and vegetables. When the fruiting period comes, water every 3 to 4 days. The number of watering should be appropriately reduced in the late fruiting period.

(V) Disease and Pest Control 1. Disease Control The main diseases of autumn cucumbers grown in wheat stubble are downy mildew, powdery mildew, angular leaf spot, blight, etc. Prevention is the main approach. Before the disease occurs, use 1500 times diluted 25% Amicid suspension, 600 times diluted Daconin, or 500 times diluted 77% Kesaid wettable powder every 7 to 8 days for prevention. The above agents should be used alternately.

At the beginning of the disease, downy mildew can be sprayed with 72% DuPont Clor WP 400-600 times, 72.2% Pulike water solution 800 times, and in severe cases, DuPont Inhibit Block or Jinlei 600 times can be sprayed for prevention and control, and continuous prevention can be carried out 3-4 times; when powdery mildew occurs, 1500 times of Segao and 3000 times of Jiaai Miao can be sprayed for prevention and control, and continuous prevention can be carried out 2-3 times. When angular spot disease occurs, 47% Jiarui Nong WP 800 times can be sprayed for prevention and control, and continuous prevention can be carried out 2-3 times. When blight occurs, Jinlei 600 times or Shadufan 500 times can be sprayed for prevention and control, and continuous prevention can be carried out 2-3 times. 2. Pest control The main pests are aphids, whiteflies, red spiders, tea yellow mites, etc. Aphids and whiteflies can be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid WP 1500 times or Aketai 3000 times. Red spider mites and tea yellow mites can be controlled by spraying 1500 times of avermectin emulsifiable concentrate. 5. Harvest Autumn cucumbers grown on wheat stubble are generally harvested about 50 days after sowing. Root cucumbers should be harvested early to prevent vines from growing. When entering the peak reproductive growth period, they should generally be picked at the length and maximum limit of the variety. This can not only ensure the quality of the product, but also increase the yield and have a good market price. When the local early frost is approaching, cucumbers grow slowly, and the picking period should be delayed by 1 to 2 days compared to the peak reproductive growth period.