What is cherry? Where does cherry come from?

Cherries are known as the number one fruit. Cherries are very expensive and many ordinary people cannot afford them. Let us learn about this fruit together.

cherry

It is a fruit that was listed earlier and is known as the "first branch of a hundred fruits". It is said that yellow orioles particularly like to eat this fruit, so it is called "oriole peach". Although the fruit of cherry is as small as a pearl, it is bright red and smooth, and as exquisite as agate gems. It tastes sweet and slightly sour. It is not only rich in nutrition, but also has high medical and health value. In addition, cherries can be eaten fresh, pickled, or used as embellishments for other dishes and foods, and are very popular among people.

The sweet cherry varieties cultivated in my country are mainly European and American varieties, which are very suitable for planting in northern my country. However, since European sweet cherries generally need to be kept at a low temperature of 900 to 1400 hours below ℃ to complete winter dormancy, large-scale cultivation in southern my country is limited.

Origin

The cherries we eat daily are mainly sweet cherries, which are native to western Asia and southeastern Europe. At present, six major characteristic cultivation areas have been formed in the world, namely North America (the United States, Canada), Western Europe (Germany, Italy, France, Spain), Eastern Europe (Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Austria, Ukraine), West Asia (Iran, Turkey, Lebanon, Syria), East Asia (Japan, China, South Korea) and Oceania (Australia, New Zealand). Among them, the countries with the highest production are Iran, Turkey and the United States, with production of about 200,000 tons respectively. Sweet cherry cultivation in my country began in the 1870s. According to the "Fruit Trees of Manchuria" (1915), in 1871, American missionary Nevis introduced the first batch of 10 varieties of big cherries and planted them in the southeast mountain of Yantai. From 1880 to 1885, Wang Ziyu from Chulan Village, Laishan District, Yantai introduced the Naweng variety from Korea. In 1890, Zhu Deyue from Zhujiazhuang Village, Zhifu District, introduced the Da Zi variety through American sailors. These varieties were introduced to coastal areas of Shandong in the early years of the Republic of China. Sweet cherries in Dalian, Liaoning were mainly introduced from Japan at the beginning of this century. The main cherry cultivation areas in China are southern Liaoning, Jiaodong and Qinhuangdao. In addition, more than a dozen provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, including Beijing, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Hubei, Jiangxi and Sichuan, have also introduced and cultivated them.

Growth environment

Cherry is weak in cold resistance and prefers warm and humid climate. It is suitable to be cultivated in places with an annual average temperature of 15-16℃. The annual rainfall suitable for cherry growth is generally 700-1000 mm. Cherry is a light-loving tree species. Chinese cherry is more shade-tolerant, but with good light, the fruit matures early and has good coloring. Cherry is suitable for cultivation in fertile, loose, deep sandy soil. The soil pH is generally ~. In addition, cherries require loose soil and good drainage and irrigation conditions. Heavy clay is also not suitable for cherry planting.

variety

The main old varieties cultivated in production at present are Naweng and Dazi, and the old trees are mainly these two varieties. In recent years, the varieties that have been developed more include Hongdeng, Hongmi, Hongyan, Zhifuhong, Satojin, Rainey, Binku, Yantai No. 1, etc. The varieties that are being expanded for trial planting include Italy Early Red, Labins, Steinle, Pioneer, Markland Big Cherry, etc.