Introduction to edamame and its growth habits

Do you know about edamame? Today I will give you some general knowledge about edamame:

Edamame Introduction

Edamame

Edamame, also known as vegetable soybeans, is called edamame in Japan. It is a type of soybean crop that is eaten fresh with tender pods. Edamame is fresh soybeans with pods.

Edamame is an annual crop with a hard and hairy stem. Its pods are flat and have hairs on them, so people call them edamame. When fresh, the pods are tender green and lovely.

[Explanation] It can be eaten in early summer, but the pods are not yet full. They can be cooked with oil, salt, pepper, chili pepper, and wine to serve as a dish.

[Nature and flavor] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.

[Efficacy] It can dispel evil spirits, relieve pain, and eliminate edema. It can remove stomach heat, promote blood stasis, and detoxify drugs. Eating too much can cause spleen stagnation. It is called edamame because its pods have hairs.

Edamame

Basic Features

Edamame, commonly known as soybeans or soy beans, is the seed of soybean, a plant of the Fabaceae family. It is an annual herbaceous crop, 30 to 90 cm tall, with a thick, square-shaped stem; the pods are rectangular, flat, 5 to 6 cm long, drooping, and densely covered with yellow, thin, hard hairs; there are 2 to 4 seeds, which are flat oval-shaped when fresh, 0.8 to 1.5 cm long, light green, and yellow, yellow-green or purple-black when dry. Spring edamame, also known as edamame, green edamame, and white edamame, refers to green pod soybeans harvested between the full-grain stage and the early maturity stage. The pods are tender green and lovely. When edamame matures, it becomes the soy beans we are familiar with.

The biological classification of leguminous plants is:

Plant kingdom, Spermatophyta, Dicots, Rosales

There are a wide range of species, about 690 genera and more than 17,600 species. Edamame and soybeans are both soybeans, which belong to the genus Glycine max in the Leguminosae family, belonging to the Eukaryota domain, angiosperms, and dicots.

Growth habit

Edamame likes warmth but is afraid of waterlogging, and is suitable for temperate regions with high temperatures in summer. The seed germination temperature is 10-11℃, and it germinates quickly at 15-20℃. It can tolerate short-term low temperatures in the seedling stage, and the suitable temperature is 20-25℃. It cannot bloom at less than 14℃. It is sensitive to temperature in the late growth stage. Too high temperature will end growth early, and too low temperature will not allow seeds to fully mature. Plants will be harmed at 1-3℃, and plants will freeze to death at -3℃. Edamame is a short-day crop, a limited growth early-maturing variety. It is not strict about the length of light, and the unlimited growth late-maturing variety is a short-day crop. Attention should be paid when introducing varieties. Plants planted in the north and moved south will bloom early, and plants planted in the south and moved north will delay flowering. Edamame requires more water. The seeds need to absorb water slightly greater than their weight to germinate. The soil water holding capacity required during the seedling stage, branching stage, flowering and pod setting stage, and pod swelling stage is 60-65%, 65-70%, 70-80%, and 70-75%, respectively. Edamame is not very demanding on soil quality. Deep, well-drained, calcium- and organic-rich soil is preferred. The pH value should be 6.5. A large amount of P and K fertilizers are needed. P fertilizer can protect flowers and pods, promote root growth, and enhance the activity of rhizobia. The leaves will turn yellow if K is lacking.

The period from sowing to the formation of the first flower is the early growth period of edamame. Flower bud differentiation begins about 30 days before flowering. This period is mainly vegetative growth and is a period of nutrient accumulation. The flowering period is about 14-30 days. During this period, the growth is the most vigorous, and vegetative growth and reproductive growth are carried out simultaneously (material accumulation accounts for 55-65% of the total height, total leaf area, and total dry weight, and accounts for 60% of the total nitrogen accumulation). Two weeks after flowering, the beans increase rapidly and require a lot of water and nutrients. Insufficient fertilizer and water supply will cause premature aging of the plant, resulting in falling flowers and pods.