High-yield cultivation techniques of autumn pumpkin

How to increase the yield of pumpkin in autumn? Here are some specific cultivation techniques:

1. Cultivation management before emergence

① Site selection: The soil should be high and dry, with smooth drainage and irrigation, deep soil layer, high soil organic matter content, suitable pH, and fruit rotation. ② Variety selection: Select heat-resistant and disease-resistant local varieties (Ten Sisters) and other excellent varieties. ③ Sowing method: Use greenhouse crops before, and directly sow after germination. ④ Sowing time: July 10-15. ⑤ Density: 400 plants per 667m. ⑥ Apply sufficient basal fertilizer: Apply 2000kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 30kg of high-concentration compound fertilizer per 667m2 as basal fertilizer in the gap between previous crops.

2 Cultivation and management after germination

2.1 Fertilizer and water management

Due to the high temperature in summer, seedlings will emerge about one week after sowing, and one leaf will grow 5 to 7 days after emergence, so management should keep up. Water with light fertilizer once every half a month, and apply 3 kg of urea per 667 m3 as topdressing once every 10 days. In the future, according to the growth potential of crops and local conditions, fertilizer and water management should be carried out well. In general years, fertilizer should still be applied 2 to 3 times, and 5 to 7 kg of urea should be applied per 667 m3 each time.

2.2 Binding vines

When the pumpkin has 8 true leaves, prune the branches in time, use single vine pruning, and leave 1 main vine. When the pumpkin vine reaches 10 true leaves, lead the vine to the rack in time to make the branches evenly distributed. After the plant shakes off the vine, lead the vine to the rack. As the plant is on the rack, tie the vine in time. When tying the vine, remove the ineffective vines and withered and yellow old leaves to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions inside the plant.

2.3 Intertillage and weeding

From the seedling stage to before harvest, inter-row cultivation and weeding are required during the growth process. Generally, manual weeding is done 2 to 3 times to basically eliminate weed damage and ensure the normal growth and development of the plants.

2.4 Pest and disease control

During the growth period of autumn pumpkin, there are mainly aphids and virus diseases. Spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution once every 7 days, and spray with a mixture of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder and 20% virus A wettable powder for prevention and control. On the basis of agricultural prevention and control, weeds and diseased leaves in the field should be removed in time, and concentrated deep burial treatment should be carried out, and cultivation management should be strengthened. Efficient field management technology of pumpkin is supplemented by chemical prevention and control. Carry out chemical prevention and control according to local conditions. Use high-efficiency, low-toxic and low-residue pesticides, and prohibit the use of chemical pesticides 15 days before harvest. To prevent aphids, 40g of 10% imidacloprid can be diluted with 40kg of water per 667m2. Other diseases and insect pests should be prevented and controlled according to local conditions.

2.5 Harvest at the right time

In general years, the harvest can start in late August and end in early November. The harvest period lasts more than 65 days, and the whole growing period is about 110 days.

2.6 Output and Benefits

In general years, the yield per 667m can reach 2500kg. Due to the small pumpkin planting area in autumn, the market conditions are good, the wholesale price is 3 yuan per kg, and the output value is as high as 7500 yuan. After deducting various costs and labor costs totaling 3800 yuan, the net profit can reach 3700 yuan per 667m, achieving good economic and social benefits.