Family mushroom cultivation technology

If we want to grow some shiitake mushrooms in our own yard, it is more convenient to eat, how should we grow them? Today I will tell you about the technology of growing shiitake mushrooms at home. Please collect it well, it is really practical:

1. Preparation of Shiitake Mushrooms

Before planting shiitake mushrooms, you need to prepare sufficient planting materials. Sawdust, corn cobs, straw, cottonseed husks and other materials can be used to plant shiitake mushrooms. Using sawdust, corn cobs and other materials to plant shiitake mushrooms is very effective. Sawdust should be from broad-leaved trees, as coniferous sawdust is not very effective. In places where cottonseed husks are abundant, cottonseed husks can also be used for planting.

2. Ingredients for Shiitake Mushrooms

The following recipes can be used to grow shiitake mushrooms.

①Formula 1: 78 kg sawdust, 20 kg wheat bran, 1 kg gypsum powder, 1 kg sucrose. ②Formula 2: 100 kg sawdust, 20 kg wheat bran, 2 kg corn flour, 1.5 kg sucrose, 2 kg gypsum powder, 0.3 kg urea. ③Formula 3: 40 kg cottonseed husk, 40 kg sawdust, 18 kg wheat bran, 1 kg gypsum powder, 1 kg sucrose. ④Formula 4: 80 kg corn cobs, 20 kg sawdust, 25 kg wheat bran, 2 kg sucrose, 0.4 kg urea, 0.2 kg peptone.

The ratio of the above formula to water is 1:1.3, so that the water content after adding water reaches 55% to 60%. The material and water should be fully mixed.

3. Mushroom bagging and sterilization

Use polypropylene plastic bags to fill the materials. The bag is 50 cm long and 16 cm wide, and the weight of the materials is about 0.8 kg to 1 kg (dry materials). Compact the materials after filling.

After bagging, sterilization is required. Thorough sterilization of culture medium is the key to the success of mushroom cultivation. High pressure (1.4 kg/cm2) for 2 hours; if there is no high pressure sterilization condition, normal pressure sterilization can be used. Normal pressure sterilization, at 100℃, sterilization for 12 to 16 hours.

4. Mushroom hole inoculation

After the sterilized cultivation bag is cooled, the original seed should be inoculated in time. Inoculation method: Use a sterilized hole puncher to make 2 inoculation holes on one side of the cultivation bag, and then make 3 inoculation holes on the other side of the bag. The inoculation hole is 1.5 cm in diameter and 2 cm deep, and the original shiitake mushroom seed is inoculated in the hole. Generally, a 500 ml spawn bottle can inoculate about 10 cultivation bags. After inoculation, seal the inoculation hole with a sterile tape. For cultivation bags with less material, inoculation can also be carried out from both ends of the bag. Inoculation should be carried out in a sterile inoculation room (box).

5. Cultivation and fermentation of shiitake mushrooms

The inoculated cultivation bags are stacked in a "well" shape indoors, with 4 bags in each row, 10 layers in total, and cultured at 20℃ to 25℃. Pay attention to indoor ventilation and avoid direct sunlight.

6. Open the mushrooms for ventilation

Cultivate indoors for about 20 days. When the mushroom mycelium has reached about 10 cm, the inoculation hole strip is arched to create a gap to allow oxygen to enter and promote seedling growth.

7. Mushroom bag removal and discharge

After 60 to 70 days of cultivation in the cultivation bag, when the mycelium around the bag wall swells and bulges, and a few mycelium turn into brown, the bags should be removed in time to promote color change.

8. Changing temperature to promote mushroom production

After the bags change color, we need to create mushroom conditions to stimulate mushroom production. The most important condition is to increase the temperature difference between day and night to about 10°C for 3 to 4 consecutive days, and then the mushroom buds will form one after another.

IX. Mushroom production management

During the mushroom fruiting stage, the following conditions should be met:

1. Temperature: Keep it between 10℃ and 20℃, with 15℃ being the best. When the temperature exceeds 25℃, it is not conducive to the fruiting of most varieties.

2. Relative humidity: The relative humidity of the mushroom house should be kept at 85% to 90%. To achieve this goal, the mushroom house ground should be watered frequently and the air should be sprayed frequently. The greenhouse mushroom house should be covered with straw curtains.

3. Ventilation and scattered light conditions should be provided throughout the entire mushroom production stage.

In the process of mushroom cultivation, special attention should be paid to the selection of excellent varieties.

At the same time, attention should be paid to the cultivation season. Generally, autumn mushroom cultivation has higher benefits, so the fruiting period should be arranged between October of the current year and May of the following year. Under the above-mentioned excellent cultivation and management conditions, generally 100 kg of cultivation material (dry material) can produce 70 kg to 100 kg of mushrooms.