How to grow straw mushrooms? Straw mushroom cultivation techniques

How to cultivate straw mushrooms? How can we cultivate straw mushrooms more reasonably? Today, let's talk about it in detail:

1. Reasonably arrange the production season

Volvariella volvacea is a thermophilic edible fungus, and is quite sensitive to temperature during its growth and development. In order to ensure that the mushrooms can grow normally after sowing, the cultivation season should be selected when the daily average temperature is stable above 23°C. Generally, it is cultivated for three months from early June to late August, which is conducive to the growth of mycelium and the development of fruiting bodies. Those with plastic greenhouses can sow in advance in mid-May.

2. Choose a favorable cultivation site

Straw mushrooms can be cultivated indoors or outdoors, but outdoor cultivation is more advantageous. When cultivating outdoors, you should choose a farmland with fertile, loose, breathable soil and convenient drainage and irrigation. For example, the previous crop is rapeseed, watermelon, etc. The yield of uncultivated land is far lower than that of mature fertile land. Before cultivation, weeds should be removed and ditches should be opened to drain water when flooded and irrigate when dry.

3. Strictly select and process culture materials

No matter which raw material is used to cultivate straw mushrooms, it should be dry and free of mold and should be exposed to the sun for 2 to 3 days before production. Newly harvested rice straw must be thoroughly dried, otherwise it will rot and fail. Before sowing, pre-wet the mixture with 5% lime water, and the pH value should reach above 12. Then build a pile and ferment for 4 to 5 days. The moisture content of the culture medium should reach 65% to 70%.

4. Select excellent strains and increase the amount of sowing

The genetic genes of the strain are crucial in production. Using high-quality and high-yield strains first can significantly improve yield and quality. Usually, Volvariella V23 and V238 are ideal. Properly increasing the sowing amount can accelerate the growth of mycelium and inhibit the occurrence of other bacteria.

5. Adopt scientific cultivation and management techniques

Practice has proved that it is difficult to obtain high yields of straw mushrooms by traditional pile cultivation, ridge (box) cultivation and bed cultivation methods. The reason is that the temperature and humidity environment cannot meet their requirements. The "two-stage cultivation method" of using bags to grow fungi, then removing the bags and covering the soil in a small plastic shed or a vegetable plastic shed for mushroom production can significantly increase the yield. This method can make the straw raw materials compacted and closely connected, which is conducive to the growth of fungi, and solves the problem that the raw materials are loose, and the mycelium is often damaged by the grass when picking mushrooms, resulting in the death of mushrooms; secondly, the temperature balance of the materials can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of stacking layers during the growth stage, and the temperature change of the materials can be flexibly controlled to promote the normal growth of mycelium; thirdly, the microclimate environment and physical structure in the mushroom field can be improved by covering with soil, so that the fruiting body of the straw mushroom is always in a relatively stable environmental condition from the formation of the primordium to the growth and development, and is less disturbed by external adverse factors, which is conducive to increasing the yield; fourthly, after covering with soil, the nutrients in the soil can be fully utilized, especially through the penetration and transportation of the water content of the soil layer, to meet the water demand of the straw mushroom growth, so as to achieve the purpose of high quality and high yield. The cultivation of straw mushrooms is generally in the high temperature season. In management, special attention should be paid to flexibly handling the relationship between temperature, humidity and air. Cooling, humidification, ventilation and shading should be coordinated with each other to avoid the death of mushrooms caused by improper handling. When covering the soil, the bags should be placed flat, with a distance of 5 to 50 cm between the bags, and the gaps filled with soil. The topsoil should be 1.5 to 2 cm thick. After covering the soil, the materials should be watered once so that the mycelium in the materials can fully utilize the soil moisture for mushroom growth. In water management, first, do not add water when the fruiting body is formed; second, do not add tap water or underground well water directly to avoid a large temperature difference and batch death of mushrooms.