Bell pepper

There are many kinds of peppers, so today I will introduce you to sweet peppers:

Region of origin:

In Mexico and Central America, it is commonly known as western pepper, colored pepper, sweet pepper, vegetable pepper, and bell pepper.

2. Product features:

It has medium growth and strong fruit-bearing ability. The fruit shape is 9*9 cm, with 3-4 ventricles. The average single fruit weight is 100-150 grams. About 2,000 plants are planted per mu, and the growing period is 10-12 months.

3. Product nutrition:

There are many colors such as purple, white, yellow, orange, red, green, etc. Compared with ordinary peppers, it has a higher sugar content and vitamin C. It is mainly used for raw consumption or shredded and mixed with salad dressing.

4. Market benefits:

Due to the rich colors of sweet peppers, it has become a high-end brand vegetable variety in hotels and restaurants.

5. Subjects:

Bell pepper is a subspecies of the genus Capsicum in the Solanaceae family that produces sweet berries. It is an annual or perennial herb.

6. Environmental requirements:

The suitable temperature for seed germination is 15~30℃, the optimum temperature is about 25℃, the optimum temperature for growth is 27~28℃ during the day, 18~20℃ at night, and the ground temperature is 17~26℃. The requirements for the length and intensity of light are not strict. As long as the temperature is suitable, it can be cultivated all year round. Sweet peppers are relatively resistant and suitable for facility early cultivation. Sweet peppers are neither drought-resistant nor waterlogged, and have strict requirements for water. The suitable relative humidity of the substrate is 60%~70%, and the suitable relative humidity of the air is 70%~80%.

Sweet peppers have high requirements for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Appropriate phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are needed in the seedling stage. The flower bud differentiation period is greatly affected by the fertilization level. Appropriate use of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can promote flowering. Tianjiao cannot be overly nitrogenous, especially in the early flowering period. If too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, it will cause serious flower and fruit drop.

7. Cultivation season:

Sweet peppers grow poorly in the hot season from July to September, especially during the fruiting period, which often causes flowers and fruits to fall off, resulting in low yields and poor quality. Therefore, when arranging the crop rotation, private enterprises try to avoid the fruiting period in the hot season. There are generally two types of crop rotation arrangements for soilless cultivation of sweet peppers:

One is that the first crop is sown in late July or early August, planted in late August or early September, harvested from November to January or February of the following year, and mainly supplied to the New Year's Day and Spring Festival markets. The second crop is sown in November or December, planted in February or March of the following year, and harvested from early May to June or July.

Another crop rotation arrangement is a one-year long season cultivation, that is, sowing in September, transplanting in October, and harvesting starting in December and continuing until June of the following year.

8. Seedling cultivation:

Quantity: When raising seedlings, you should prepare at least 1% more than the demand.

Seedling size: When transplanting, the seedlings should be 12 to 15 cm tall with four to five leaves.

Seedling age: The seedling age should depend on the season and its own growth conditions.

Root system: The root system should be fully developed, but not necessarily very developed. Do not wait until the roots grow to wrap the organic matter and cling to the inner wall of the seedling tray before the seedlings emerge. 9. Land preparation:

The soil should be tilled to a depth of 40-45 cm. Deep tillage is recommended for loam and heavy clay soils. If possible, deep tillage to a depth of 60-70 cm should be used every two years with a subsoiler.

Apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer as needed, and sterilize the soil to kill bacteria, fungi, pathogens, nematodes and weeds in the soil.

10. Planting:

When planting in hot seasons, it is recommended to do it in the early morning or evening when the soil is moist and the light is weak.

The soil should be thoroughly watered before planting to promote seedling growth.

When transplanting in sunny weather, in order to protect the new seedlings, it is recommended to use a shade net with a shading rate of 30%-40% in the first week of transplanting.

The time from seedling tray to planting in soil should be shortened as much as possible.

When planting, the soil around the seedlings should be compacted to reduce the soil gaps around the roots.

In order to ensure the uniform growth of the plants, the seedlings should be divided into different grades and planted separately, which will relatively lead to better development.

11. Planting direction and density:

In order to make the light more uniform, it is recommended to plant in the north-south direction.

The density is determined based on the light level, hanging wire method, single row or double row.

When cultivating in double rows, the large row is 90-100 cm, the small row is 50-60 cm, the plant spacing is 35-40 cm, and 2200-2500 seedlings are planted per acre.

When cultivated in single row, the row spacing is 90-100 cm and the plant spacing is 28-32 cm.