What to do if black fungus rots

When we grow black fungus, what should we do if the black fungus rots? Today I will tell you the solution:

1. Analysis of the causes of stick rot

1. Improper selection of fungus strains: The strains that perform well on logs are mistakenly used on bagged black fungus without undergoing adaptability and mildew resistance tests. Since the strains are not adapted to the environment, the fungus grows slowly, causing infection by miscellaneous bacteria and stick rot.

2. Improper season arrangement: First, the inoculation period of spring-planted black fungus is arranged too late or the inoculation period of autumn-planted black fungus is arranged too early, resulting in overheating during the culture period, the cytoplasmic nutrient solution in the mycelium flows out, and the mycelium is affected by environmental factors, showing the phenomenon of spitting yellow water. In the cultivation bag that spits yellow water, other mycelium in the bag is surrounded by mucus, physiological activities are restricted, mycelium gradually dies, and various bacteria take the opportunity to infect under high temperature and high humidity conditions. Second, the cultivation season of autumn-planted black fungus is arranged too late or the inoculation period of spring-planted black fungus is arranged too early. The temperature is below 20℃ during the spawning period, the mycelium has low physiological activity, the spawning is slow, and it cannot quickly occupy the culture medium, causing infection by bacteria and leading to rot of the mushroom sticks.

3. Improper management during the culture period: In the early stage of culture, the room temperature of the black fungus sticks was low, causing the death of mycelium in some inoculated holes and infection of other bacteria; in the later stage of culture, the temperature gradually rose, and the mycelium released heat through respiration. When the temperature exceeded 25°C, ventilation and cooling measures were not taken in time, resulting in the burning of the pile and suffocation of the mushrooms; in addition, poor ventilation during the culture period could not effectively discharge CO and other toxic gases in the culture room, which hindered the activity of mycelium and reduced its vitality, causing infection of other bacteria.

4. The ear shed is not cleaned or is close to the pollution source: old ear sheds are used in production, the culture medium, fruiting bodies, infected plastic bags and other pollutants are not cleaned during the ear picking process, and the ear sheds are not disinfected, becoming a culture medium for the reproduction of miscellaneous bacteria; some ear sheds are directly close to the pollution source or use contaminated water, which directly produces miscellaneous bacteria, causing the mushroom sticks to rot and resulting in economic losses.

5. Improper water management during the ear-forming period: During the formation period of the primordium of the fungus, watering is too early, the primordium of the fungus does not seal the cut, and water flows into or penetrates into the cut, causing infection. During the differentiation period of the primordium of the fungus, the newly formed fruiting body primordium is in a spore state. The spores rupture due to excessive water absorption, the hyphae at the cut stop growing and the fungus retreats. The formed fruiting body primordium loses the nutrient supply of the hyphae and stops growing, causing mold infection or ear runny.

6. Poor ventilation in the ear shed: Improper location of the ear shed, or the covering of the roof and the surrounding area is too thick, or the ventilation is not timely, etc., will cause lack of oxygen in the ear shed, accumulation of CO and other toxic gases, reduced vitality of the wood ear mycelium, slow growth or cessation of fruiting body growth, providing conditions for the reproduction and growth of miscellaneous fungi, resulting in ear rot or ear flow.

7. Picking the ears too late: The fruiting bodies of black fungus are rich in nutrients and are gelatinous. If they are not harvested in time, the fruiting bodies will age, become thinner, and lose their elasticity. Not only will the quality be poor, but it will also be very easy to produce mold, causing runny ears and rotten ears.

II. Countermeasures to be taken

1. Choose the right strain: Choose black fungus strains with a strain age of 35 to 45 days, good germination, white mycelium, strong growth, strong resistance to impurities, high yield, large, thick, and dark-colored auricles. After testing, strains such as Au01, Au02, Au03, and Au04 have performed well in production.

2. Scientifically arrange the cultivation season: Black fungus cultivation is divided into spring planting and autumn planting. The autumn planting inoculation period is generally arranged from August to September, when the temperature is below 30℃. The spring planting inoculation period is generally arranged 60 to 65 days before the average temperature rises to 20℃. Different regions should appropriately advance or postpone it according to different altitudes.

3. Suitable temperature for fungus cultivation: Black fungus mycelium needs to be grown in complete darkness during the fungus stage, with a fungus temperature between 5℃ and 36℃, and the optimum temperature between 24℃ and 28℃. In the early stage of fungus growth in autumn and the late stage of fungus growth in spring, when the temperature is above 25℃, the culture room should be ventilated at least 2 to 3 times a day, and ventilation should be carried out in the morning and evening on sunny days. In addition, in the early stage of fungus growth in spring, when the temperature is below 20℃, the culture room should be heated to 22℃ to 24℃.

4. Scientific management: Black fungus has different requirements for temperature, humidity and ventilation at different growth stages. During the formation period of the fungus primordium, keep the relative humidity at about 80% and ventilate moderately. During the differentiation and formation period of the primordium, the coral-shaped ear buds are quite tender and the relative humidity should be maintained at 80% to 90%. If the humidity is too high at this time, stop spraying water for 3-5 days immediately, and water again after the ear base is slightly dry. During the fruiting body growth stage, in order to promote the rapid growth of the ear pieces, adhere to the principle of three dry and seven wet, increase ventilation, clearly distinguish between dry and wet, and keep the relative humidity between 90% and 95%.

5. Timely harvesting: Harvest when the fruiting body ear pieces are fully expanded, the edges become thinner, the ear roots shrink, and the fruiting body is 80% mature. When harvesting, hold the mushroom stick with one hand and pinch the ear roots with the other hand, and rotate gently. Do not leave ear stalks on the mushroom stick to avoid infection by other bacteria.