How to cultivate straw mushrooms, how to cultivate straw mushrooms

What issues should be paid attention to in the cultivation of straw mushrooms? How to better cultivate straw mushrooms?

1 Nutrition

Straw mushrooms can utilize a variety of carbon sources, among which monosaccharides are the best, followed by disaccharides and then polysaccharides. Monosaccharides and disaccharides can promote rapid mycelium production, and polysaccharides can promote the robust growth of mycelium and enhance stress resistance. Straw mushrooms can utilize organic ammonia and ammonia nitrogen. Therefore, in actual cultivation, high-quality, dry, golden rice straw must be used.

2 Temperature

Straw mushrooms belong to the thermophilic fungi. The temperature range of mycelium growth is 20-40℃, and the optimum temperature is 32-35℃. Growth is very weak below 20℃, and growth stops at 10℃, and the mycelium is dormant. Mycelium dies quickly below 5℃ or above 45℃. The temperature range of fruiting body is 25℃-35℃, and the optimum temperature is 28-33℃. Below 20℃ or above 35℃, the growth and development of fruiting body will be affected.

Straw mushrooms are thermophilic mushrooms. During the period of fruiting body development and formation, they are very sensitive to external temperature changes. The climate of fluctuating temperatures is extremely unfavorable for the growth of its fruiting bodies. If the temperature difference reaches more than 5°C, the small mushroom buds will stop developing or die. Therefore, during cultivation, the temperature must be stable above 20°C to produce. Otherwise, the yield will be affected. Although taking heat preservation measures can produce mushrooms, it is generally not advisable in actual cultivation because of high requirements for conditions, high costs, and high technical requirements.

3. Moisture

Insufficient water causes drought, while excessive water causes poor ventilation, inhibits respiration, and makes the metabolic process impossible, resulting in the death of a large number of mycelium and buds. Practice has shown that the moisture content of the culture medium at 60%-65% is suitable for the growth of mycelium of straw mushrooms, and the maximum should not exceed 70%. The relative humidity of the air is required to be 85%-90% during the development of fruiting bodies. Above 96%, the mushroom body is easy to rot and is easily infected by bacteria. Below 80%, the growth of straw mushrooms is slow, the surface is rough, and lacks luster.

4 Air

Sufficient oxygen is an important condition for the normal growth and development of straw mushrooms. Insufficient oxygen and excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide often lead to growth cessation or death due to respiratory inhibition. Therefore, when cultivating, you should choose a place with slow air convection. However, if the ventilation is too strong, the water will be easily lost, which is not good for the growth of straw mushrooms. You should avoid cultivating in the wind to avoid strong winds.

5 pH

Among the cultivated edible fungi, the most alkaline is the one that the most suitable pH for the germination of the spores of the mushroom is 7.4-7.5; the mycelium can grow in the pH range of 5-8, the optimum pH is 7.2-7.5, and the optimum pH for the occurrence of the fruiting body is 5-7. The mycelium of the mushroom can gradually acidify the culture medium during its development, so the pH value is required to be above 12 when soaking the mushroom.

6 Light

The germination of spores and the growth of mycelium of the mushroom do not require sunlight at all, but the formation of fruiting bodies of the mushroom requires sunlight. Fruiting bodies will not form under completely dark conditions. Diffuse sunlight can promote the formation of fruiting bodies, slightly inhibit the growth of the mushroom, make it strong, enhance disease resistance, and promote the transformation and deposition of pigments. Strong direct light has a serious inhibitory effect on fruiting bodies. Therefore, open-air cultivation must be covered with grass.