Symptoms and prevention of Pleurotus ostreatus yellow mushroom disease

Oyster mushroom is really a vegetable with very high nutritional value, so today I will tell you about the occurrence and prevention of yellow mushroom disease of oyster mushroom:

1. Symptoms of the disease.

Yellow mushroom disease mostly occurs from the cap of young mushrooms or the connection between the stem and the cap of small mushrooms. After the disease occurs, light yellow patches appear on the cap of young mushrooms or the concave part of the cap of small mushrooms. The young mushrooms become sticky, stop growing and die. The bodies of small mushrooms grow slowly, lose elasticity, and break at the slightest touch. Then the mushroom bodies become sticky and shrink, emitting a foul odor. The disease spreads rapidly, causing the surface of the cultivation material to become sticky and stop producing mushrooms.

2. Cause of the disease.

The pathogen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa disease is Pseudomonas. ① The bacteria are suitable for growing on substrates rich in organic matter in a humid environment. High temperature, high humidity and poor ventilation are conducive to the occurrence and growth of the bacteria. ② The environment of the old cultivation site has deteriorated and the disinfection is not thorough. ③ Abandoned culture media, defective mushrooms and mushroom stems are everywhere in the shed, and the dirtiness provides a place for pathogens to live and multiply. ④ At present, the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus is mainly based on raw materials or fermented materials. The cultivation materials themselves carry bacteria and cause the occurrence of the disease. ⑤ The water or covering materials used carry bacteria. ⑥ The strain has poor disease resistance or the quality of the strain is poor, and the poor management of the growers leads to thin mycelium in the cultivation bag and reduced resistance, which eventually leads to infection with pathogens and disease.

3. Preventive measures.

① Select strains that are adapted to the local environment and have strong disease resistance, such as Heipingwang, Huipingkangbing No. 2, P89 and other strains, which are generally not prone to disease or have mild disease. Do not plant the same strain in the same field for consecutive years, and it is advisable to change the variety every 2 to 3 years. ② Select strains that are free of contamination from other bacteria. The mycelium is thick, white and strong, and the appropriate age strains. ③ Select high-quality raw and auxiliary materials that are free of mold, rot, insects and pollution. The cultivation materials should be exposed to the sun before use, and fungicides such as Kemeiwang or carbendazim should be added at 0.1% of the dry material weight. ④Old sites should not be used year after year. If used, they must be sterilized and insecticidal one month before the cultivation bags enter the shed. For fungal killing, 500 times of carbendazim, 500 times of benomyl, etc. can be used. For bacterial killing, 200 times of bleaching powder, 500 times of agricultural streptomycin, 2000 times of Wanxiaoling, etc. can be used. For insect killing, 500 times of dichlorvos and 1000 times of high-efficiency chlorpyrifos can be used. Spray the floor, walls and the environment outside the shed once a week. 2 to 3 days before the cultivation bags enter the shed, fumigate with sulfur for 24 hours. ⑤ Strengthen the management of the cultivation bags during the spawning period to improve the resistance of the mycelium to diseases and weeds. During the fruiting period, the temperature and humidity in the shed should be controlled. Too high a temperature is not conducive to the growth of general wide-temperature or low-temperature strains, but provides a suitable temperature environment for various bacteria and fungi; high humidity in the shed is beneficial to the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus, and is also suitable for the growth of various bacteria. ⑥ The mushroom shed should be built in a place with good ventilation and convenient drainage. The ventilation in the shed should be smooth. The vents should be set so that there is flowing wind passing through every material surface. There should be no dead corners for ventilation. The ventilation time should be adjusted in time according to factors such as temperature, weather, and wind speed. ⑦ When using soil covering cultivation, the soil covering materials should be sterilized and treated with insecticides. ⑧ Maintain good environmental hygiene in the shed. After picking mushrooms, remove the remaining mushrooms in time, keep the ground clean, and regularly sprinkle lime powder for environmental disinfection.

4. Post-onset treatment.

①Once the disease occurs, the diseased mushrooms should be removed immediately, the surface of the material should be cleaned, water spraying should be stopped, and ventilation should be increased. ②Spray the aisles, walls, and surrounding areas of the shed with 1% bleaching powder once, and spray the surface of the material with a 1:500 dilution of carbendazim and agricultural streptomycin, 1 to 2 times a day, and spray for 4 consecutive days to control the spread of the disease. Other drugs such as Huangguqing, Wanxiaoling, Huangbanxiao, Bacteria Killer, and Bacteria Limie can be used alternately according to the standard dosage for prevention and control.