What is favism? What should we pay attention to when we have favism?

Some people can eat broad beans , but some people absolutely cannot eat broad beans. Let’s learn about this!

　Introduction to Broad Beans

What is favism?

Favism is an acute hemolytic disease caused by eating broad beans in people with hereditary red blood cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. It is also known as broad bean yellow and broad bean yellow. It is common in children, especially boys under 5 years old, accounting for about 90%. It often occurs in the season when broad beans are ripe. Eating broad beans or broad bean products (such as vermicelli and soy sauce) can cause the disease.

What can’t people with favism eat?

Prohibited foods

Pearl powder, honeysuckle, Sichuan lotus, bezoar, wintersweet, bear gall, baby pills, remember not to eat broad beans or raw and processed broad beans, avoid eating broad beans

Go to the broad bean fields during flowering, fruiting or harvesting season.

Foods to eat more:

Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, such as rapeseed, celery, spinach, cucumber, tomato, orange, peach, etc.

Eat more protein-rich foods, such as pork liver, lean meat, herring, etc.

What should we pay attention to when we have favism?

Prohibited daily necessities

Camphor, stink pills, wintergreen oil, pigments, Mentholatum peppermint cream, Bi cream, Ping An cream, traumatic injury wine with bezoar, blue mercury water, gentian violet (gentian violet), Zhuang Sheng's Cooling Bath (with honeysuckle), white flower oil, Tiger Balm or safflower oil (all contain salicylic acid), some insecticide sprays can definitely dissolve blood!

Contraindications for medication for favism

Take the medicine under the guidance of a doctor. It is not advisable to take oxidizing drugs, such as primaquine, sulfonamides, furans, vitamins K3, K4, phenacetin, aminopyrine, sulfones and other drugs and Chinese medicine pearl powder, wintersweet flowers, Chuanlian, etc.

1. The following drugs and foods are more likely to cause hemolysis and should be prohibited:

Antimalarial drugs: primaquine, primalquine, pentaquine;

Sulfonamides: sulfamethoxazole

Niuhuang Jiedu Pills contain isoxazole, sulfapyridine, p-aminobenzenesulfonamide, and sulfacetamide;

Antipyretic analgesic: acetanilide;

Sulfones: Thiosulfone;

Others: furantin, furazolidone, nitrofurazone, nalidixic acid, nitroimidazole, isopropylamine, naphthalene (camphor), methylene blue, phenylhydrazine, trinitrotoluene, Chuanlian, pearl powder, broad beans;

Traditional Chinese medicine: mint, camphor, naphthol, Sichuan lotus, bezoar powder, wintersweet flower, bear bile, opening tea, Qilin powder, infant essence, bezoar detoxification pills, etc.

2. The following drugs may cause hemolysis, but they will not cause hemolysis at normal therapeutic doses in patients without chronic non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia:

Antimalarial drugs: chloroquine, quinine, pyrimethamine;

Sulfonamides: sulfamethazine, sulfonylcitrotosine, sulfadiazine, sulfaguanidine, long-acting sulfonamides, sulfadimethoxazole;

Antipyretic analgesics: paracetamol (trade names: Tylenol, Baifuning, children's antipyretic suppository), aspirin, phenazone, aminopyrine, antipyretic, phenylbutazone, antazoline;

Others: chloramphenicol, streptomycin, remifentanil, chlorhexidine, VitC, phenytoin sodium, para-aminobenzoic acid, diphenhydramine, colchicine, levodopa, probenecid, procainamide, antan, sodium menadione sulfite, trimethoprim, chlorpheniramine, quinidine, vitamin K (menadione).

What are the symptoms of favism?

Patients usually experience acute intravascular hemolysis within 1-2 days after eating broad beans. Once the disease occurs, it is severe and manifests as general discomfort, pale face, anorexia, nausea, jaundice, dark urine (hemoglobinuria), etc. In severe cases, it may lead to coma, shock, systemic failure, and even life-threatening. Some parents usually think that the yellow skin of their children is caused by hepatitis, which leads to misdiagnosis.

How to treat favism?

(1) Blood transfusion: This disease is characterized by acute hemolysis and severe anemia. Blood transfusion or transfusion of concentrated red blood cells is the most effective treatment measure. In severe cases, blood transfusion can be repeated. However, the blood source should be screened for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase to avoid blood supply from glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient patients, which may cause the patient to suffer from secondary hemolysis.

(2) Adrenal cortex hormone: mainly has immunosuppressive effect, so it should be used early, in large amounts, and for a short period of time.

(3) Correct acidosis: There is often varying degrees of acidosis during the hemolytic phase of favism. In severe cases, blood transfusion alone is ineffective and should be actively corrected. This is a key measure for rescuing critically ill patients.

(4) Fluid replacement: Drink more water or take in fluids to improve microcirculation, maintain effective blood circulation, and promote kidney acid excretion and hemoglobinuria excretion, but acute renal failure should be prevented. When acute renal failure occurs, attention should be paid to maintaining water and electrolyte balance.

(5) Symptomatic treatment: If favism is complicated by infection, hemolysis may be aggravated. High fever, hypoxia and increased heart rate may lead to heart failure. Therefore, complications should be actively treated and the use of drugs that are harmful to the kidneys should be avoided.

<<: How to make fried eggplant with beans

>>: Corn, carrot and mushroom porridge recipe