Planting and cultivation of plums

I believe you all know a lot about plums. Let me give you some detailed information about them.

Introduction of plum

Plum is the fruit of the fruit tree, but the plum blossoms that are generally viewed are from other species of plum. Fruit plum is a plant of the genus Prunus (Prunus L.) of the Rosaceae family. It is also called green plum, plum, and sour plum. It is native to China and is a subtropical specialty fruit tree. Plum, also known as green plum, is a tree of the Dipterocarpaceae family, up to 30m tall and with a breast diameter of 1.2m. The bark is bluish-gray. The young branches and leaves are densely covered with star-shaped hairs. The cymes of plums are panicles, with small, white flowers. The fruit is nearly spherical, with 2 long and 3 short wings enlarged by the sepals. It is mostly distributed in Zhao'an, Fujian, Puning, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan, southeastern Anhui, Xuancheng City, Guangde County, Tongxi Township, Songchen Village, and Baitai Formation. It grows from beaches at an altitude of 3-4m to the barren slopes of Boshi at an altitude of 900m, and is more common at an altitude of 200-500m. It is also distributed in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It is a national third-level protected endangered species. At present, the main varieties of plums include green bamboo plum (green plum), white powder plum, soft branch large grain plum and other varieties.

Distribution area of ​​​​plum

my country has a history of more than 3,000 years of cultivating plums, and has rich germplasm resources, with a total of 205 varieties, including 13 white plums, 95 green plums, 83 red plums, and 14 Japanese varieties introduced. The distribution area is wide, from the south side of the Yellow River Basin in the north to the coast of Guangdong in the south, from Bomi in Tibet in the west to Taiwan Island in the east. There are cultivated or wild species distributed in 18 provinces (cities, regions). At present, Guangdong, Taiwan, Guangxi, and Fujian are developing rapidly, and Zhejiang, Yunnan, Jiangsu and other provinces and cities are also cultivating on a large scale. According to incomplete statistics in 1995, the national cultivation area is about 1.526 million mu, and the total output is about 132,000 tons. In the future, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards and the development of the international market, the demand for plum products will increase. In particular, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asian countries and Hong Kong and Macao are very popular.

The significance of plum cultivation

Plum fruit is rich in nutrition, containing a variety of organic acids, vitamins, flavonoids and alkaline minerals, which are essential health-care substances for the human body. The threonine and other 8 kinds of amino acids and flavonoids contained in it are extremely beneficial to the normal formation and metabolism of human protein, and can prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is known as a health food. Few people eat fresh fruits, and they are mainly used for food processing. Its processed products include salted dried plums, preserved plums, sugar green plums, clear mouth plums, plum juice, plum sauce, dried plums, green plum shreds, plum vinegar, plum wine, etc. Plum has many uses in medicine. For example, salted plums have the effects of relieving fever and preventing wind and cold. Dried black plums have the effects of curing lung heat and long-term cough, deficiency heat and thirst, chronic diarrhea, dysentery, bile duct ascariasis, cholecystitis, etc. The flowers, leaves, roots, kernels, etc. of plums can all be used as medicine. The wood of plums is tough and heavy, with beautiful color, and is an excellent fine wood material. Pickled plums are easy to store and transport, and are suitable for development in remote areas. It is one of the ways for old, young, border and poor areas to get rid of poverty and become rich.