What are the diseases and pests of Flammulina velutipes and how to prevent and control them

Today I will tell you about the various pests that Flammulina velutipes encounters during cultivation, as well as the prevention and control methods. Of course, it will be helpful to everyone. I think you should take a good look at it:

1. Select excellent disease- and insect-resistant strains.

2. Choice of location for mushroom cultivation room

The mushroom house must be built in a north-south long strip, which is good for ventilation. At the same time, pay attention to the environmental hygiene around the mushroom house, and do not build the exit near the compost house and livestock house. Keep it away from the brewing koji factory, otherwise it is easy to be infected by bacteria.

3. Disinfection of the cultivation room

The cultivation room must be fumigated and sterilized the day before use. The specific method is:

1. Formaldehyde and potassium permanganate fumigation

Generally, 8 ml of 40% formaldehyde and 5 g of potassium permanganate are required for each cubic meter of room for fumigation. You can also use 210 ml of formalin stock solution, 210 g of quicklime, and 21 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid for every 10 square meters. It is important to add lime and formalin first, and then add concentrated sulfuric acid, which will be vaporized immediately after adding. When fumigating, be sure to seal up the leaking seams of doors and windows.

2. Sulfur dioxide fumigation

The method is to burn sulfur in the cultivation room and use the sulfur dioxide it produces for disinfection. Place a ceramic container in the room, put paper or wood shavings on it, add sulfur, and then ignite the paper or wood shavings for fumigation. Because sulfur dioxide gas is heavier than air, once it is dispersed into gas, it will sink, so the container burning sulfur is best placed above the cultivation room. This gas will corrode metal and clothing, so you must be careful when disinfecting.

3. Disinfection with bleach

High-efficiency bleaching powder is lime chloride and magnesium chloride, containing about 40%-80% effective chlorine. The method of use is to add 1 gram of bleaching powder to 1.8 liters of water, let it stand for 1-2 hours, take the supernatant and spray it all over the room, spraying 1 liter per square meter. Inside and outside the mushroom house, the cultivation racks should be fully sprayed with 5% copper sulfate solution.

4. Cultivation and Management

1. Adjustment of temperature and humidity High temperature and high humidity are the best environmental conditions for the growth of fungi. When the outside temperature is high, the relative humidity of the mushroom house should be lowered, generally controlled at around 85%-90%. If the humidity is too high, various molds will occur quickly, which will inevitably affect the yield and quality of Flammulina velutipes. Also pay attention to ventilation in the mushroom house to keep the indoor air fresh.

2. Remove contaminated bottles and bags. Bottles and bags contaminated by bacteria in the mushroom house must be removed from the house in time, burned or buried. Do not dig bottles or bags in the mushroom house. Otherwise, the spores of bacteria will spread to the entire mushroom house and contaminate other bottles and bags.

3. After each batch of Enoki mushrooms is harvested, the room must be cleaned and fumigated.

4. Bleach and oxytetracycline can be added to the water used for cultivation and management to prevent the occurrence of diseases and bacteria.

5. Kill pests in time

The main pests that harm Flammulina velutipes are mushroom ropes, sharp-eyed mushroom gnats, and mites. These pests are particularly severe when the temperature rises. During the period of mycelium spreading, as long as you see adult insects flying out, you should use insecticides to control them. Dichlorvos is an ideal drug, and malathion, diazinon, diflubenzuron or cypermethrin can also be used. Stop using it when mushroom buds appear.