Control of common diseases and pests of Coprinus comatus

When we cultivate Coprinus comatus, we often encounter various pests and diseases. Today, I will share with you how to prevent and control them:

1. Diseases of Coprinus comatus

1. Walnut fleshy fungus (also known as false "wood ear") is a malignant infectious disease that is prone to occur in the cultivation of Coprinus comatus. In the early stage of the disease, dense white cotton-like mycelium is mostly produced in the covering soil layer. Then, fruiting bodies of varying sizes similar to the shape of wood ear appear on the surface of the soil. When the culture medium at the diseased site is dug out, a strong smell of bleaching powder will be emitted. The mycelium of Coprinus comatus will be self-dissolved and the culture medium will turn black. Prevention and control methods: ① Strictly select the strains, and insist on not using any suspicious strains. ② The covering soil must be taken from the surface 20 cm below the surface and strictly disinfected. ③ Use concentrated lime water to irrigate the area locally, and stop the water supply. After the local soil turns white, carefully move it away and bury it deep. 2. White gypsum mold This disease is caused by the acidity of the culture medium. It usually occurs within 10-15 days after sowing. In the early stage, white patches of varying sizes are formed on the covering surface, which look like lime powder. When mature, the patches turn pink, and yellow powdery spores can be seen. When digging up the culture medium, there was a strong foul smell, and the mycelium of Coprinus comatus was dead and rotten.

Prevention and control methods: ① Add 5% lime powder during the fermentation of the culture medium and adjust the pH value to 8.15. ② Spray locally with 500 times carbendazim or 5% carbolic acid. ③ Strengthen ventilation and reduce the air humidity on the bed surface. 3. Competitive fungi of the coprinus comatus The spores of this fungus are mixed with raw materials such as straw and enter the mushroom bed. After 5 to 10 days, a large number of coprinus comatus will appear on the bed surface to compete with Coprinus comatus for nutrients. After the fruiting body decomposes, ink-like spore liquid flows out, and the succession is very fast. Prevention and control methods: ① Use fresh and dry straw as the culture medium and ferment it twice to kill the coprinus comatus spores. ② If the coprinus comatus is found, it should be removed in time before the cap opens and buried deeply.

2. Pests of Coprinus comatus

1. There are many types of mites, which mainly harm the mycelium and fruiting bodies. When the density of insects is high, Coprinus comatus cannot form fruiting bodies. Mites come from straw and livestock feces, like to live in dark and humid environments, and reproduce very quickly.

Prevention and control methods: ① Before using the cultivation site, the debris should be carefully cleaned and sprayed with dichlorvos once. ② When the culture and fermentation temperature reaches 55℃, the surface of the pile should be sprayed with 2000 times of cypermethrin. ③ The mushroom farm should spray 1000 times of dichlorvos or 2000 times of cypermethrin regularly. 2. Mushroom flies Mushroom flies not only harm the fruiting bodies of Coprinus comatus, but are also the culprit for spreading miscellaneous bacteria. The damaged culture medium is bran-like, has a foul smell, and maggots are seen crawling, and the mycelium is eaten. Prevention and control methods: ① Spray the ground and surrounding areas with 0.1% dervine essence. ② Spray with 1500 times of pyrethrum or 3000 times of 2.5% cypermethrin. ③ Keep the site ventilated and clean. 3. Flea beetles This insect is an indicator pest of overly humid cultivation environment and poor sanitary conditions. They often gather in the mycelial film and material at the bottom of the cap. The damaged fruiting bodies turn red and ooze mucus, losing their commercial value. Prevention and control methods: ① Improve the sanitary conditions of the cultivation site to prevent water accumulation and excessive humidity. ② Spray with 0.1% dervine extract or pyrethrum.