Pepper diseases, what are pepper diseases, how to prevent and control them

What should I do if I encounter diseases when growing peppers? Today I will tell you how to do it:

Bacterial wilt

【Disease characteristics】: When the plant is infected, the leaves on the top of the diseased plant wither during the day, recover on cloudy days or in the morning and evening, and after 2 to 3 days, the leaves remain green but the whole plant withers. Cut the diseased stem, the duct is brown, immerse the incision in water, and white turbid bacterial liquid flows out from the incision.

[Pathogenesis]: Pepper bacterial wilt is a bacterial disease. It is serious when the soil temperature reaches 20℃～25℃, the air temperature reaches 30℃～37℃, and the soil moisture content reaches more than 25%. When the weather clears up after a heavy rain, the temperature rises rapidly, the humidity is high, and the transpiration is large, the pathogen is active, the number of diseased plants increases, and the damage is serious. The pathogen is suitable for development when the soil pH is 6.6.

【Prevention and treatment methods】:

1. Choose disease-resistant varieties;

2. Adjust the soil pH by applying 50-100 kg of lime per mu;

3. Implement crop rotation to avoid repeated or continuous cropping;

4. Check in time, remove and burn diseased plants immediately if found, and sprinkle lime powder in the holes. In the early stage of the disease, you can use 100-200PPM agricultural streptomycin or kasugamycin, diluted with 150 kg of water, to wet the soil. Do this for 3 consecutive times, and irrigate the roots once every 10-15 days for 2-3 times.

Disease

[Disease characteristics]: The disease can occur throughout the entire growth cycle. The disease occurs in the seedling stage, mostly at the base of the stem. When the disease occurs in the seedling stage, the base of the stem becomes dark green, water-soaked, soft rot or sudden wilt, which is called seedling sudden wilt; some stem bases are black-brown, and the seedlings wither and die; leaves are infected, and the lesions are round or nearly round, 2 to 3 cm in diameter, yellow-green on the edges, and dark brown in the center; the fruit is infected starting from the pedicel, initially with dark green water-soaked spots, which quickly turn brown and soft rot. When the humidity is high, a white mold layer grows on the surface, which is the sporangium stalks and sporangia of the pathogen, which form dark brown streaks after drying, and the branches and leaves above the diseased part quickly wither.

[Pathogenesis]: The pathogen overwinters in the soil or diseased tissue in the form of mycelium and oospores. The oospores are spread by splashing of rain and irrigation water. The optimum temperature for the development of the pathogen is 23℃~31℃. High temperature and high humidity are conducive to the occurrence of the pathogen.

【Prevention and treatment methods】:

1. If pepper blight is soil-borne, pesticides must be used to irrigate the roots for prevention and control.

2. The key time for prevention and control is mid-to-late June, when peppers are in full bloom and fruiting. Generally, root irrigation should be carried out within 1 to 2 days after the first watering.

3. For effective pesticides, use 25% frostbite or 58% frostbite manganese zinc, with a concentration of 500 times the liquid for root irrigation. The best effect is achieved by irrigating each hole with 0.3 to 0.4 catties.

powdery mildew

【Characteristics of disease】

Powdery mildew of pepper is caused by the Ascomycetes fungus, which can infect leaves, old leaves and young leaves. It mainly spreads in the field by airflow. The disease is easy to spread under slightly dry conditions. Small yellow spots of chlorosis appear on the front of the diseased leaves, which then expand into yellow spots with unclear edges. White powdery substances are produced on the back of the diseased part. In severe cases, the spots are dense, causing the whole leaf to turn yellow and fall off in large numbers to form bare stalks, which seriously affects the yield and quality.

【Prevention and treatment methods】

1. When planting, choose varieties with better disease resistance and mix the seeds with new lipid film (which can repel underground pests and diseases, isolate virus infection, does not affect germination and swelling function, strengthens respiration intensity, and improves seed germination rate).

2. Deeply plow the soil before planting and spray 800 times diluted new lipid film to sterilize, disinfect, keep warm and retain moisture.

3. Spray peppers with the pepper strengthening agent at appropriate times during each growth period to enhance nutrient transport in the body and improve the peppers' resistance to external pathogens.

4. In the early stage of the disease, spray 1000 times diluted Duoxygen and 3000 times diluted DuPont Fuxing and apply new lipid film, the effect is particularly good.