How to plant ash seedlings Ash tree planting methods and tips

〔Origin and distribution〕

It is widely distributed in the north and south regions, growing at an altitude of 400-1700m (North China), and the highest reaching 3100m (western Sichuan).

[Tree species characteristics]

Oleaceae. Deep-rooted, fast-growing, resistant to pruning, strong germination ability, long life, propagated by seeds or cuttings; likes light, tolerates lateral shade, likes warm and humid climate, can tolerate cold, has no strict requirements on soil, tolerates low temperature and light saline-alkali, slightly tolerates dry sores, and resists smoke and dust.

〔Seedling cultivation technology I

(1) Selection of nursery site: Choose sandy loam with deep, fertile soil and good drainage as the nursery site.

(2) Land preparation, bed making and fertilization: Deeply plow the land and make the bed carefully. Apply 3000kg of organic fertilizer per mu.

(3) Seed germination and sowing The seeds of ash trees have the characteristics of long-term dormancy. In order to improve the germination rate and quality of seedlings in the field, germination is indispensable when sowing seedlings in spring. Low temperature stratification is the best way to achieve germination. That is, before winter, choose a well-drained place to dig a 1 meter deep pit, spread 5-10 cm wet sand on the bottom of the pit, mix the seeds and sand in a ratio of 1:3, put them in the pit, and make it more than 40 cm thick. Then cover it with 20 cm poles. When the cold winter comes, cover it with soil and snow. After more than 80 days, you can sow it in the spring of the following year when 1/3 of the seeds have cracked. However, there is no need to process the seeds for autumn sowing. Sow them in October-November after collecting them. Water them after sowing, and they will germinate early and emerge evenly in the spring of the following year. Sowing amount 5-6 kg

The seedling raising method adopts low bed or high ridge, row sowing, seedbed seedling row spacing 20-25 cm, ridge sowing two rows per ridge, row spacing 12-15 cm, sowing width 3-6 cm, and soil covering thickness 2-3 cmo

(4) Management during the seedling stage Thinning should be started when the seedlings have 2-3 pairs of true leaves, and the seedlings should be transplanted when the seedlings have 6 pairs of true leaves. Keep 50-75 seedlings per square meter in the seedbed (20,000-30,000 seedlings/mu); keep 18-25 seedlings per meter in the ridge (15,000-23,000 seedlings/mu). Topdress 1-2 times during the seedling stage with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. The first topdressing is when the seedlings have 2 pairs of true leaves; the second topdressing is after transplanting. Use quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer for topdressing twice during the rapid growth stage. Stop nitrogen fertilizer no later than early August. Irrigate 8-10 times throughout the year. In the early stage of the seedling stage, small amounts of water should be used to irrigate to prevent the seedlings from being damaged. The irrigation depth during the rapid growth stage is deeper than that during the seedling stage, and the irrigation amount is large. The interval time can be appropriately extended. Stop any measures that can promote growth during the hardening period.

One-year-old seedlings with a height of more than 15cm and a ground diameter of more than 0.4cm can be planted in the nursery. The date of seedling removal should be coordinated with the date of afforestation; the seedling removal depth should be 25-30cm; the soil moisture at the time of seedling removal is about 65% of the maximum field water holding capacity; to prevent the seedling roots from drying out, the seedlings should be picked and transplanted at the same time; the excessively long main roots and lateral roots and the split parts should be cut off.

How to plant fast-growing ash seedlings?

The fast-growing ash is a deciduous tree with an ovate crown and yellow-brown bark. The twigs are smooth and hairless. The leaves are odd-pinnate, opposite, with 5-9 leaflets, usually 7, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 3-10 cm long, acuminate at the apex, narrow at the base, asymmetrical, with teeth and wavy teeth on the margin, glabrous on the surface, and short soft hairs along the veins on the back. The panicles are lateral or terminal on the branches of the current year, large and loose; the elliptical inflorescences are terminal and lateral, drooping, and bloom in summer. The calyx is bell-shaped; there are no petals. The samara is oblanceolate, 3-4 cm long. The flowering period is from March to May; the fruit matures in October. The samara is flat and lanceolate.

Low temperature stratification germination: Choose a place with high terrain, good drainage, leeward and shade to dig a trench. In principle, the depth of the trench is below the frozen soil layer and above the groundwater level. The width of the trench is 80 cm, and the length of the trench depends on the number of seeds. The ratio of white wax seeds to wet sand is 1:2-3. First, spread a layer of 10 cm thick wet sand at the bottom of the trench, then mix the seeds and wet sand thoroughly and evenly, put them into the trench, the thickness of the seed sand is 50-70 cm, and wet sand is covered 10 cm from the ground, and then covered with soil to make the top ridge-shaped. Put a sorghum straw every 0.7-1 meter to facilitate ventilation. The general treatment time is 60-80 days.